//! Resistive Random-Access Memory Controller driver. use core::marker::PhantomData; use core::{ptr, slice}; use embedded_storage::nor_flash::{ ErrorType, MultiwriteNorFlash, NorFlash, NorFlashError, NorFlashErrorKind, ReadNorFlash, }; use crate::peripherals::RRAMC; use crate::{Peri, pac}; /// Unbuffered RRAMC mode. pub struct Unbuffered; /// Buffered RRAMC mode. pub struct Buffered; trait SealedRramMode {} /// Operating modes for RRAMC #[allow(private_bounds)] pub trait RramMode: SealedRramMode {} impl SealedRramMode for Unbuffered {} impl RramMode for Unbuffered {} impl SealedRramMode for Buffered {} impl RramMode for Buffered {} // // Export Nvmc alias and page size for downstream compatibility // /// RRAM-backed `Nvmc` compatibile driver. pub type Nvmc<'d> = Rramc<'d, Unbuffered>; /// Emulated page size. RRAM does not use pages. This exists only for downstream compatibility. pub const PAGE_SIZE: usize = 4096; // In bytes, one line is 128 bits const WRITE_LINE_SIZE: usize = 16; /// Size of RRAM flash in bytes. pub const FLASH_SIZE: usize = crate::chip::FLASH_SIZE; /// Error type for RRAMC operations. #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)] #[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))] pub enum Error { /// Operation using a location not in flash. OutOfBounds, /// Unaligned operation or using unaligned buffers. Unaligned, } impl NorFlashError for Error { fn kind(&self) -> NorFlashErrorKind { match self { Self::OutOfBounds => NorFlashErrorKind::OutOfBounds, Self::Unaligned => NorFlashErrorKind::NotAligned, } } } /// Resistive Random-Access Memory Controller (RRAMC) that implements the `embedded-storage` /// traits. pub struct Rramc<'d, MODE: RramMode> { _p: Peri<'d, RRAMC>, _d: PhantomData, } impl<'d> Rramc<'d, Unbuffered> { /// Create Rramc driver. pub fn new(_p: Peri<'d, RRAMC>) -> Rramc<'d, Unbuffered> { Self { _p, _d: PhantomData } } } impl<'d, const BUFFER_SIZE_BYTES: usize> Rramc<'d, Buffered> { /// Create Rramc driver. pub fn new_buffered(_p: Peri<'d, RRAMC>) -> Rramc<'d, Buffered> { assert!(BUFFER_SIZE_BYTES > 0 && BUFFER_SIZE_BYTES <= 512); Self { _p, _d: PhantomData } } } impl<'d, MODE: RramMode> Rramc<'d, MODE> { fn regs() -> pac::rramc::Rramc { pac::RRAMC } fn wait_ready(&mut self) { let p = Self::regs(); while !p.ready().read().ready() {} } fn enable_read(&self) { Self::regs().config().write(|w| w.set_wen(false)); } fn finish_write(&mut self) { self.enable_read(); self.wait_ready(); } } impl<'d> Rramc<'d, Unbuffered> { fn wait_ready_write(&mut self) { let p = Self::regs(); while !p.readynext().read().readynext() {} } fn enable_write(&self) { Self::regs().config().write(|w| { w.set_wen(true); w.set_writebufsize(pac::rramc::vals::Writebufsize::UNBUFFERED) }); } } impl<'d, const SIZE: usize> Rramc<'d, Buffered> { fn wait_ready_write(&mut self) { let p = Self::regs(); while !p.readynext().read().readynext() {} while !p.bufstatus().writebufempty().read().empty() {} } fn commit(&self) { let p = Self::regs(); p.tasks_commitwritebuf().write_value(1); while !p.bufstatus().writebufempty().read().empty() {} } fn enable_write(&self) { Self::regs().config().write(|w| { w.set_wen(true); w.set_writebufsize(pac::rramc::vals::Writebufsize::from_bits(SIZE as _)) }); } } // // RRAM is not NOR flash, but many crates require embedded-storage NorFlash traits. We therefore // implement the traits for downstream compatibility. // impl<'d> MultiwriteNorFlash for Rramc<'d, Unbuffered> {} impl<'d> ErrorType for Rramc<'d, Unbuffered> { type Error = Error; } impl<'d> ReadNorFlash for Rramc<'d, Unbuffered> { const READ_SIZE: usize = 1; fn read(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Self::Error> { if offset as usize >= FLASH_SIZE || offset as usize + bytes.len() > FLASH_SIZE { return Err(Error::OutOfBounds); } let flash_data = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts(offset as *const u8, bytes.len()) }; bytes.copy_from_slice(flash_data); Ok(()) } fn capacity(&self) -> usize { FLASH_SIZE } } impl<'d> NorFlash for Rramc<'d, Unbuffered> { const WRITE_SIZE: usize = WRITE_LINE_SIZE; const ERASE_SIZE: usize = PAGE_SIZE; // RRAM can overwrite in-place, so emulate page erases by overwriting the page bytes with 0xFF. fn erase(&mut self, from: u32, to: u32) -> Result<(), Self::Error> { if to < from || to as usize > FLASH_SIZE { return Err(Error::OutOfBounds); } if from as usize % Self::ERASE_SIZE != 0 || to as usize % Self::ERASE_SIZE != 0 { return Err(Error::Unaligned); } self.enable_write(); self.wait_ready(); // Treat each emulated page separately so callers can rely on post‑erase read‑back // returning 0xFF just like on real NOR flash. let buf = [0xFFu8; Self::WRITE_SIZE]; for page_addr in (from..to).step_by(Self::ERASE_SIZE) { let page_end = page_addr + Self::ERASE_SIZE as u32; for line_addr in (page_addr..page_end).step_by(Self::WRITE_SIZE) { unsafe { let src = buf.as_ptr() as *const u32; let dst = line_addr as *mut u32; for i in 0..(Self::WRITE_SIZE / 4) { core::ptr::write_volatile(dst.add(i), core::ptr::read_unaligned(src.add(i))); } } self.wait_ready_write(); } } self.finish_write(); Ok(()) } fn write(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Self::Error> { if offset as usize + bytes.len() > FLASH_SIZE { return Err(Error::OutOfBounds); } if offset as usize % Self::WRITE_SIZE != 0 || bytes.len() % Self::WRITE_SIZE != 0 { return Err(Error::Unaligned); } self.enable_write(); self.wait_ready(); unsafe { let p_src = bytes.as_ptr() as *const u32; let p_dst = offset as *mut u32; let words = bytes.len() / 4; for i in 0..words { let w = ptr::read_unaligned(p_src.add(i)); ptr::write_volatile(p_dst.add(i), w); if (i + 1) % (Self::WRITE_SIZE / 4) == 0 { self.wait_ready_write(); } } } self.enable_read(); self.wait_ready(); Ok(()) } } impl<'d, const BUFFER_SIZE_BYTES: usize> MultiwriteNorFlash for Rramc<'d, Buffered> {} impl<'d, const BUFFER_SIZE_BYTES: usize> ErrorType for Rramc<'d, Buffered> { type Error = Error; } impl<'d, const BUFFER_SIZE_BYTES: usize> ReadNorFlash for Rramc<'d, Buffered> { const READ_SIZE: usize = 1; fn read(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Self::Error> { if offset as usize >= FLASH_SIZE || offset as usize + bytes.len() > FLASH_SIZE { return Err(Error::OutOfBounds); } let flash_data = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts(offset as *const u8, bytes.len()) }; bytes.copy_from_slice(flash_data); Ok(()) } fn capacity(&self) -> usize { FLASH_SIZE } } impl<'d, const BUFFER_SIZE_BYTES: usize> NorFlash for Rramc<'d, Buffered> { const WRITE_SIZE: usize = WRITE_LINE_SIZE; const ERASE_SIZE: usize = PAGE_SIZE; // RRAM can overwrite in-place, so emulate page erases by overwriting the page bytes with 0xFF. fn erase(&mut self, from: u32, to: u32) -> Result<(), Self::Error> { if to < from || to as usize > FLASH_SIZE { return Err(Error::OutOfBounds); } if from as usize % Self::ERASE_SIZE != 0 || to as usize % Self::ERASE_SIZE != 0 { return Err(Error::Unaligned); } self.enable_write(); self.wait_ready(); // Treat each emulated page separately so callers can rely on post‑erase read‑back // returning 0xFF just like on real NOR flash. let buf = [0xFFu8; BUFFER_SIZE_BYTES]; for page_addr in (from..to).step_by(Self::ERASE_SIZE) { let page_end = page_addr + Self::ERASE_SIZE as u32; for line_addr in (page_addr..page_end).step_by(BUFFER_SIZE_BYTES) { unsafe { let src = buf.as_ptr() as *const u32; let dst = line_addr as *mut u32; for i in 0..(Self::WRITE_SIZE / 4) { core::ptr::write_volatile(dst.add(i), core::ptr::read_unaligned(src.add(i))); } } self.wait_ready_write(); } } self.commit(); self.finish_write(); Ok(()) } fn write(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Self::Error> { if offset as usize + bytes.len() > FLASH_SIZE { return Err(Error::OutOfBounds); } if offset as usize % Self::WRITE_SIZE != 0 || bytes.len() % Self::WRITE_SIZE != 0 { return Err(Error::Unaligned); } self.enable_write(); self.wait_ready(); unsafe { let p_src = bytes.as_ptr() as *const u32; let p_dst = offset as *mut u32; let words = bytes.len() / 4; for i in 0..words { let w = ptr::read_unaligned(p_src.add(i)); ptr::write_volatile(p_dst.add(i), w); if (i + 1) % (Self::WRITE_SIZE / 4) == 0 { self.wait_ready_write(); } } } self.commit(); self.enable_read(); self.wait_ready(); Ok(()) } }