Merge pull request #1129 from embassy-rs/net-driver

net: driver crate split

28 files changed, 1141 insertions, 607 deletions

diff --git a/.github/workflows/doc.yml b/.github/workflows/doc.yml
index eb460e738..8a341b8f7 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/doc.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/doc.yml
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ jobs:
           builder ./embassy-futures crates/embassy-futures/git.zup
           builder ./embassy-lora crates/embassy-lora/git.zup
           builder ./embassy-net crates/embassy-net/git.zup
+          builder ./embassy-net-driver crates/embassy-net-driver/git.zup
           builder ./embassy-nrf crates/embassy-nrf/git.zup
           builder ./embassy-rp crates/embassy-rp/git.zup
           builder ./embassy-sync crates/embassy-sync/git.zup
diff --git a/.vscode/settings.json b/.vscode/settings.json
index fd2e4afb1..086f435da 100644
--- a/.vscode/settings.json
+++ b/.vscode/settings.json
@@ -4,28 +4,21 @@
   "rust-analyzer.checkOnSave.noDefaultFeatures": true,
   "rust-analyzer.cargo.noDefaultFeatures": true,
   "rust-analyzer.procMacro.enable": true,
-  //"rust-analyzer.cargo.target": "thumbv7em-none-eabi",
-  "rust-analyzer.cargo.target": "thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf",
+  "rust-analyzer.cargo.target": "thumbv7em-none-eabi",
+  //"rust-analyzer.cargo.target": "thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf",
   "rust-analyzer.cargo.features": [
-    // These are needed to prevent embassy-net from failing to build
-    //"embassy-net/medium-ethernet",
-    //"embassy-net/tcp",
-    //"embassy-net/pool-16",
-    //"time-tick-16mhz",
-    //"defmt-timestamp-uptime",
-    //"nightly",
-    //"unstable-traits",
+    "nightly",
   ],
   "rust-analyzer.linkedProjects": [
     // Declare for the target you wish to develop
-    //"embassy-executor/Cargo.toml",
-    //"embassy-sync/Cargo.toml",
-    //"examples/nrf/Cargo.toml",
+    // "embassy-executor/Cargo.toml",
+    // "embassy-sync/Cargo.toml",
+    "examples/nrf/Cargo.toml",
     // "examples/nrf-rtos-trace/Cargo.toml",
     // "examples/rp/Cargo.toml",
     // "examples/std/Cargo.toml",
     // "examples/stm32f0/Cargo.toml",
-    //"examples/stm32f1/Cargo.toml",
+    // "examples/stm32f1/Cargo.toml",
     // "examples/stm32f2/Cargo.toml",
     // "examples/stm32f3/Cargo.toml",
     // "examples/stm32f4/Cargo.toml",
@@ -36,7 +29,7 @@
     // "examples/stm32l0/Cargo.toml",
     // "examples/stm32l1/Cargo.toml",
     // "examples/stm32l4/Cargo.toml",
-    "examples/stm32l5/Cargo.toml",
+    // "examples/stm32l5/Cargo.toml",
     // "examples/stm32u5/Cargo.toml",
     // "examples/stm32wb/Cargo.toml",
     // "examples/stm32wb55/Cargo.toml",
diff --git a/ci.sh b/ci.sh
index 9f79c87b9..14a48454d 100755
--- a/ci.sh
+++ b/ci.sh
@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ cargo batch  \
     --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-executor/Cargo.toml --target thumbv6m-none-eabi --features nightly,defmt \
     --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-sync/Cargo.toml --target thumbv6m-none-eabi --features nightly,defmt \
     --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-time/Cargo.toml --target thumbv6m-none-eabi --features nightly,unstable-traits,defmt,defmt-timestamp-uptime,tick-hz-32_768,generic-queue-8 \
-    --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-net/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features defmt,tcp,udp,dns,dhcpv4,medium-ethernet,pool-16 \
-    --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-net/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features defmt,tcp,udp,dns,dhcpv4,medium-ethernet,pool-16,unstable-traits \
-    --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-net/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features defmt,tcp,udp,dns,dhcpv4,medium-ethernet,pool-16,nightly \
-    --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-net/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features defmt,tcp,udp,dns,dhcpv4,medium-ethernet,pool-16,unstable-traits,nightly \
+    --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-net/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features defmt,tcp,udp,dns,dhcpv4,medium-ethernet \
+    --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-net/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features defmt,tcp,udp,dns,dhcpv4,medium-ethernet,unstable-traits \
+    --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-net/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features defmt,tcp,udp,dns,dhcpv4,medium-ethernet,nightly \
+    --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-net/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features defmt,tcp,udp,dns,dhcpv4,medium-ethernet,unstable-traits,nightly \
     --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-nrf/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features nightly,nrf52805,gpiote,time-driver-rtc1 \
     --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-nrf/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features nightly,nrf52810,gpiote,time-driver-rtc1 \
     --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-nrf/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features nightly,nrf52811,gpiote,time-driver-rtc1 \
diff --git a/ci_stable.sh b/ci_stable.sh
index 0332c3faf..a1d507d71 100755
--- a/ci_stable.sh
+++ b/ci_stable.sh
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ cargo batch  \
     --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-executor/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features log \
     --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-executor/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features defmt \
     --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-executor/Cargo.toml --target thumbv6m-none-eabi --features defmt \
-    --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-net/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features defmt,tcp,udp,dns,dhcpv4,medium-ethernet,pool-16 \
-    --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-net/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features defmt,tcp,udp,dns,dhcpv4,medium-ethernet,pool-16,unstable-traits \
+    --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-net/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features defmt,tcp,udp,dns,dhcpv4,medium-ethernet \
+    --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-net/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features defmt,tcp,udp,dns,dhcpv4,medium-ethernet,unstable-traits \
     --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-nrf/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features nrf52805,gpiote,time-driver-rtc1 \
     --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-nrf/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features nrf52810,gpiote,time-driver-rtc1 \
     --- build --release --manifest-path embassy-nrf/Cargo.toml --target thumbv7em-none-eabi --features nrf52811,gpiote,time-driver-rtc1 \
diff --git a/embassy-net-driver-channel/Cargo.toml b/embassy-net-driver-channel/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..700a4e8a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/embassy-net-driver-channel/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+[package]
+name = "embassy-net-driver-channel"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+defmt = { version = "0.3", optional = true }
+log = { version = "0.4.14", optional = true }
+
+embassy-sync = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-sync" }
+embassy-futures = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-futures" }
+embassy-net-driver = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-net-driver" }
diff --git a/embassy-net-driver-channel/src/fmt.rs b/embassy-net-driver-channel/src/fmt.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..066970813
--- /dev/null
+++ b/embassy-net-driver-channel/src/fmt.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+#![macro_use]
+#![allow(unused_macros)]
+
+#[cfg(all(feature = "defmt", feature = "log"))]
+compile_error!("You may not enable both `defmt` and `log` features.");
+
+macro_rules! assert {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::assert!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::assert!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! assert_eq {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::assert_eq!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::assert_eq!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! assert_ne {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::assert_ne!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::assert_ne!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! debug_assert {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::debug_assert!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::debug_assert!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! debug_assert_eq {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::debug_assert_eq!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::debug_assert_eq!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! debug_assert_ne {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::debug_assert_ne!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::debug_assert_ne!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! todo {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::todo!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::todo!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! unreachable {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::unreachable!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::unreachable!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! panic {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::panic!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::panic!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! trace {
+    ($s:literal $(, $x:expr)* $(,)?) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(feature = "log")]
+            ::log::trace!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::trace!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(not(any(feature = "log", feature="defmt")))]
+            let _ = ($( & $x ),*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! debug {
+    ($s:literal $(, $x:expr)* $(,)?) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(feature = "log")]
+            ::log::debug!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::debug!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(not(any(feature = "log", feature="defmt")))]
+            let _ = ($( & $x ),*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! info {
+    ($s:literal $(, $x:expr)* $(,)?) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(feature = "log")]
+            ::log::info!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::info!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(not(any(feature = "log", feature="defmt")))]
+            let _ = ($( & $x ),*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! warn {
+    ($s:literal $(, $x:expr)* $(,)?) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(feature = "log")]
+            ::log::warn!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::warn!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(not(any(feature = "log", feature="defmt")))]
+            let _ = ($( & $x ),*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! error {
+    ($s:literal $(, $x:expr)* $(,)?) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(feature = "log")]
+            ::log::error!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::error!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(not(any(feature = "log", feature="defmt")))]
+            let _ = ($( & $x ),*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+macro_rules! unwrap {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        ::defmt::unwrap!($($x)*)
+    };
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+macro_rules! unwrap {
+    ($arg:expr) => {
+        match $crate::fmt::Try::into_result($arg) {
+            ::core::result::Result::Ok(t) => t,
+            ::core::result::Result::Err(e) => {
+                ::core::panic!("unwrap of `{}` failed: {:?}", ::core::stringify!($arg), e);
+            }
+        }
+    };
+    ($arg:expr, $($msg:expr),+ $(,)? ) => {
+        match $crate::fmt::Try::into_result($arg) {
+            ::core::result::Result::Ok(t) => t,
+            ::core::result::Result::Err(e) => {
+                ::core::panic!("unwrap of `{}` failed: {}: {:?}", ::core::stringify!($arg), ::core::format_args!($($msg,)*), e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct NoneError;
+
+pub trait Try {
+    type Ok;
+    type Error;
+    fn into_result(self) -> Result<Self::Ok, Self::Error>;
+}
+
+impl<T> Try for Option<T> {
+    type Ok = T;
+    type Error = NoneError;
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn into_result(self) -> Result<T, NoneError> {
+        self.ok_or(NoneError)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T, E> Try for Result<T, E> {
+    type Ok = T;
+    type Error = E;
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn into_result(self) -> Self {
+        self
+    }
+}
diff --git a/embassy-net-driver-channel/src/lib.rs b/embassy-net-driver-channel/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..369dc5a9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/embassy-net-driver-channel/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,525 @@
+#![no_std]
+
+// must go first!
+mod fmt;
+
+use core::cell::RefCell;
+use core::mem::MaybeUninit;
+use core::task::{Context, Poll};
+
+pub use embassy_net_driver as driver;
+use embassy_net_driver::{Capabilities, LinkState, Medium};
+use embassy_sync::blocking_mutex::raw::NoopRawMutex;
+use embassy_sync::blocking_mutex::Mutex;
+use embassy_sync::waitqueue::WakerRegistration;
+
+pub struct State<const MTU: usize, const N_RX: usize, const N_TX: usize> {
+    rx: [PacketBuf<MTU>; N_RX],
+    tx: [PacketBuf<MTU>; N_TX],
+    inner: MaybeUninit<StateInner<'static, MTU>>,
+}
+
+impl<const MTU: usize, const N_RX: usize, const N_TX: usize> State<MTU, N_RX, N_TX> {
+    const NEW_PACKET: PacketBuf<MTU> = PacketBuf::new();
+
+    pub const fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            rx: [Self::NEW_PACKET; N_RX],
+            tx: [Self::NEW_PACKET; N_TX],
+            inner: MaybeUninit::uninit(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+struct StateInner<'d, const MTU: usize> {
+    rx: zerocopy_channel::Channel<'d, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
+    tx: zerocopy_channel::Channel<'d, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
+    link_state: Mutex<NoopRawMutex, RefCell<LinkStateState>>,
+}
+
+/// State of the LinkState
+struct LinkStateState {
+    state: LinkState,
+    waker: WakerRegistration,
+}
+
+pub struct Runner<'d, const MTU: usize> {
+    tx_chan: zerocopy_channel::Receiver<'d, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
+    rx_chan: zerocopy_channel::Sender<'d, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
+    link_state: &'d Mutex<NoopRawMutex, RefCell<LinkStateState>>,
+}
+
+pub struct RxRunner<'d, const MTU: usize> {
+    rx_chan: zerocopy_channel::Sender<'d, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
+    link_state: &'d Mutex<NoopRawMutex, RefCell<LinkStateState>>,
+}
+
+pub struct TxRunner<'d, const MTU: usize> {
+    tx_chan: zerocopy_channel::Receiver<'d, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
+}
+
+impl<'d, const MTU: usize> Runner<'d, MTU> {
+    pub fn split(self) -> (RxRunner<'d, MTU>, TxRunner<'d, MTU>) {
+        (
+            RxRunner {
+                link_state: self.link_state,
+                rx_chan: self.rx_chan,
+            },
+            TxRunner { tx_chan: self.tx_chan },
+        )
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_link_state(&mut self, state: LinkState) {
+        self.link_state.lock(|s| {
+            let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
+            s.state = state;
+            s.waker.wake();
+        });
+    }
+
+    pub async fn rx_buf(&mut self) -> &mut [u8] {
+        let p = self.rx_chan.send().await;
+        &mut p.buf
+    }
+
+    pub fn try_rx_buf(&mut self) -> Option<&mut [u8]> {
+        let p = self.rx_chan.try_send()?;
+        Some(&mut p.buf)
+    }
+
+    pub fn poll_rx_buf(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Poll<&mut [u8]> {
+        match self.rx_chan.poll_send(cx) {
+            Poll::Ready(p) => Poll::Ready(&mut p.buf),
+            Poll::Pending => Poll::Pending,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn rx_done(&mut self, len: usize) {
+        let p = self.rx_chan.try_send().unwrap();
+        p.len = len;
+        self.rx_chan.send_done();
+    }
+
+    pub async fn tx_buf(&mut self) -> &mut [u8] {
+        let p = self.tx_chan.recv().await;
+        &mut p.buf[..p.len]
+    }
+
+    pub fn try_tx_buf(&mut self) -> Option<&mut [u8]> {
+        let p = self.tx_chan.try_recv()?;
+        Some(&mut p.buf[..p.len])
+    }
+
+    pub fn poll_tx_buf(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Poll<&mut [u8]> {
+        match self.tx_chan.poll_recv(cx) {
+            Poll::Ready(p) => Poll::Ready(&mut p.buf[..p.len]),
+            Poll::Pending => Poll::Pending,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn tx_done(&mut self) {
+        self.tx_chan.recv_done();
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'d, const MTU: usize> RxRunner<'d, MTU> {
+    pub fn set_link_state(&mut self, state: LinkState) {
+        self.link_state.lock(|s| {
+            let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
+            s.state = state;
+            s.waker.wake();
+        });
+    }
+
+    pub async fn rx_buf(&mut self) -> &mut [u8] {
+        let p = self.rx_chan.send().await;
+        &mut p.buf
+    }
+
+    pub fn try_rx_buf(&mut self) -> Option<&mut [u8]> {
+        let p = self.rx_chan.try_send()?;
+        Some(&mut p.buf)
+    }
+
+    pub fn poll_rx_buf(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Poll<&mut [u8]> {
+        match self.rx_chan.poll_send(cx) {
+            Poll::Ready(p) => Poll::Ready(&mut p.buf),
+            Poll::Pending => Poll::Pending,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn rx_done(&mut self, len: usize) {
+        let p = self.rx_chan.try_send().unwrap();
+        p.len = len;
+        self.rx_chan.send_done();
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'d, const MTU: usize> TxRunner<'d, MTU> {
+    pub async fn tx_buf(&mut self) -> &mut [u8] {
+        let p = self.tx_chan.recv().await;
+        &mut p.buf[..p.len]
+    }
+
+    pub fn try_tx_buf(&mut self) -> Option<&mut [u8]> {
+        let p = self.tx_chan.try_recv()?;
+        Some(&mut p.buf[..p.len])
+    }
+
+    pub fn poll_tx_buf(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Poll<&mut [u8]> {
+        match self.tx_chan.poll_recv(cx) {
+            Poll::Ready(p) => Poll::Ready(&mut p.buf[..p.len]),
+            Poll::Pending => Poll::Pending,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn tx_done(&mut self) {
+        self.tx_chan.recv_done();
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn new<'d, const MTU: usize, const N_RX: usize, const N_TX: usize>(
+    state: &'d mut State<MTU, N_RX, N_TX>,
+    ethernet_address: [u8; 6],
+) -> (Runner<'d, MTU>, Device<'d, MTU>) {
+    let mut caps = Capabilities::default();
+    caps.max_transmission_unit = MTU;
+    caps.medium = Medium::Ethernet;
+
+    // safety: this is a self-referential struct, however:
+    // - it can't move while the `'d` borrow is active.
+    // - when the borrow ends, the dangling references inside the MaybeUninit will never be used again.
+    let state_uninit: *mut MaybeUninit<StateInner<'d, MTU>> =
+        (&mut state.inner as *mut MaybeUninit<StateInner<'static, MTU>>).cast();
+    let state = unsafe { &mut *state_uninit }.write(StateInner {
+        rx: zerocopy_channel::Channel::new(&mut state.rx[..]),
+        tx: zerocopy_channel::Channel::new(&mut state.tx[..]),
+        link_state: Mutex::new(RefCell::new(LinkStateState {
+            state: LinkState::Down,
+            waker: WakerRegistration::new(),
+        })),
+    });
+
+    let (rx_sender, rx_receiver) = state.rx.split();
+    let (tx_sender, tx_receiver) = state.tx.split();
+
+    (
+        Runner {
+            tx_chan: tx_receiver,
+            rx_chan: rx_sender,
+            link_state: &state.link_state,
+        },
+        Device {
+            caps,
+            ethernet_address,
+            link_state: &state.link_state,
+            rx: rx_receiver,
+            tx: tx_sender,
+        },
+    )
+}
+
+pub struct PacketBuf<const MTU: usize> {
+    len: usize,
+    buf: [u8; MTU],
+}
+
+impl<const MTU: usize> PacketBuf<MTU> {
+    pub const fn new() -> Self {
+        Self { len: 0, buf: [0; MTU] }
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct Device<'d, const MTU: usize> {
+    rx: zerocopy_channel::Receiver<'d, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
+    tx: zerocopy_channel::Sender<'d, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
+    link_state: &'d Mutex<NoopRawMutex, RefCell<LinkStateState>>,
+    caps: Capabilities,
+    ethernet_address: [u8; 6],
+}
+
+impl<'d, const MTU: usize> embassy_net_driver::Driver for Device<'d, MTU> {
+    type RxToken<'a> = RxToken<'a, MTU> where Self: 'a ;
+    type TxToken<'a> = TxToken<'a, MTU> where Self: 'a ;
+
+    fn receive(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Option<(Self::RxToken<'_>, Self::TxToken<'_>)> {
+        if self.rx.poll_recv(cx).is_ready() && self.tx.poll_send(cx).is_ready() {
+            Some((RxToken { rx: self.rx.borrow() }, TxToken { tx: self.tx.borrow() }))
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Construct a transmit token.
+    fn transmit(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Option<Self::TxToken<'_>> {
+        if self.tx.poll_send(cx).is_ready() {
+            Some(TxToken { tx: self.tx.borrow() })
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Get a description of device capabilities.
+    fn capabilities(&self) -> Capabilities {
+        self.caps.clone()
+    }
+
+    fn ethernet_address(&self) -> [u8; 6] {
+        self.ethernet_address
+    }
+
+    fn link_state(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> LinkState {
+        self.link_state.lock(|s| {
+            let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
+            s.waker.register(cx.waker());
+            s.state
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct RxToken<'a, const MTU: usize> {
+    rx: zerocopy_channel::Receiver<'a, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
+}
+
+impl<'a, const MTU: usize> embassy_net_driver::RxToken for RxToken<'a, MTU> {
+    fn consume<R, F>(mut self, f: F) -> R
+    where
+        F: FnOnce(&mut [u8]) -> R,
+    {
+        // NOTE(unwrap): we checked the queue wasn't full when creating the token.
+        let pkt = unwrap!(self.rx.try_recv());
+        let r = f(&mut pkt.buf[..pkt.len]);
+        self.rx.recv_done();
+        r
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct TxToken<'a, const MTU: usize> {
+    tx: zerocopy_channel::Sender<'a, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
+}
+
+impl<'a, const MTU: usize> embassy_net_driver::TxToken for TxToken<'a, MTU> {
+    fn consume<R, F>(mut self, len: usize, f: F) -> R
+    where
+        F: FnOnce(&mut [u8]) -> R,
+    {
+        // NOTE(unwrap): we checked the queue wasn't full when creating the token.
+        let pkt = unwrap!(self.tx.try_send());
+        let r = f(&mut pkt.buf[..len]);
+        pkt.len = len;
+        self.tx.send_done();
+        r
+    }
+}
+
+mod zerocopy_channel {
+    use core::cell::RefCell;
+    use core::future::poll_fn;
+    use core::marker::PhantomData;
+    use core::task::{Context, Poll};
+
+    use embassy_sync::blocking_mutex::raw::RawMutex;
+    use embassy_sync::blocking_mutex::Mutex;
+    use embassy_sync::waitqueue::WakerRegistration;
+
+    pub struct Channel<'a, M: RawMutex, T> {
+        buf: *mut T,
+        phantom: PhantomData<&'a mut T>,
+        state: Mutex<M, RefCell<State>>,
+    }
+
+    impl<'a, M: RawMutex, T> Channel<'a, M, T> {
+        pub fn new(buf: &'a mut [T]) -> Self {
+            let len = buf.len();
+            assert!(len != 0);
+
+            Self {
+                buf: buf.as_mut_ptr(),
+                phantom: PhantomData,
+                state: Mutex::new(RefCell::new(State {
+                    len,
+                    front: 0,
+                    back: 0,
+                    full: false,
+                    send_waker: WakerRegistration::new(),
+                    recv_waker: WakerRegistration::new(),
+                })),
+            }
+        }
+
+        pub fn split(&mut self) -> (Sender<'_, M, T>, Receiver<'_, M, T>) {
+            (Sender { channel: self }, Receiver { channel: self })
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub struct Sender<'a, M: RawMutex, T> {
+        channel: &'a Channel<'a, M, T>,
+    }
+
+    impl<'a, M: RawMutex, T> Sender<'a, M, T> {
+        pub fn borrow(&mut self) -> Sender<'_, M, T> {
+            Sender { channel: self.channel }
+        }
+
+        pub fn try_send(&mut self) -> Option<&mut T> {
+            self.channel.state.lock(|s| {
+                let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
+                match s.push_index() {
+                    Some(i) => Some(unsafe { &mut *self.channel.buf.add(i) }),
+                    None => None,
+                }
+            })
+        }
+
+        pub fn poll_send(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Poll<&mut T> {
+            self.channel.state.lock(|s| {
+                let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
+                match s.push_index() {
+                    Some(i) => Poll::Ready(unsafe { &mut *self.channel.buf.add(i) }),
+                    None => {
+                        s.recv_waker.register(cx.waker());
+                        Poll::Pending
+                    }
+                }
+            })
+        }
+
+        pub async fn send(&mut self) -> &mut T {
+            let i = poll_fn(|cx| {
+                self.channel.state.lock(|s| {
+                    let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
+                    match s.push_index() {
+                        Some(i) => Poll::Ready(i),
+                        None => {
+                            s.recv_waker.register(cx.waker());
+                            Poll::Pending
+                        }
+                    }
+                })
+            })
+            .await;
+            unsafe { &mut *self.channel.buf.add(i) }
+        }
+
+        pub fn send_done(&mut self) {
+            self.channel.state.lock(|s| s.borrow_mut().push_done())
+        }
+    }
+    pub struct Receiver<'a, M: RawMutex, T> {
+        channel: &'a Channel<'a, M, T>,
+    }
+
+    impl<'a, M: RawMutex, T> Receiver<'a, M, T> {
+        pub fn borrow(&mut self) -> Receiver<'_, M, T> {
+            Receiver { channel: self.channel }
+        }
+
+        pub fn try_recv(&mut self) -> Option<&mut T> {
+            self.channel.state.lock(|s| {
+                let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
+                match s.pop_index() {
+                    Some(i) => Some(unsafe { &mut *self.channel.buf.add(i) }),
+                    None => None,
+                }
+            })
+        }
+
+        pub fn poll_recv(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Poll<&mut T> {
+            self.channel.state.lock(|s| {
+                let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
+                match s.pop_index() {
+                    Some(i) => Poll::Ready(unsafe { &mut *self.channel.buf.add(i) }),
+                    None => {
+                        s.send_waker.register(cx.waker());
+                        Poll::Pending
+                    }
+                }
+            })
+        }
+
+        pub async fn recv(&mut self) -> &mut T {
+            let i = poll_fn(|cx| {
+                self.channel.state.lock(|s| {
+                    let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
+                    match s.pop_index() {
+                        Some(i) => Poll::Ready(i),
+                        None => {
+                            s.send_waker.register(cx.waker());
+                            Poll::Pending
+                        }
+                    }
+                })
+            })
+            .await;
+            unsafe { &mut *self.channel.buf.add(i) }
+        }
+
+        pub fn recv_done(&mut self) {
+            self.channel.state.lock(|s| s.borrow_mut().pop_done())
+        }
+    }
+
+    struct State {
+        len: usize,
+
+        /// Front index. Always 0..=(N-1)
+        front: usize,
+        /// Back index. Always 0..=(N-1).
+        back: usize,
+
+        /// Used to distinguish "empty" and "full" cases when `front == back`.
+        /// May only be `true` if `front == back`, always `false` otherwise.
+        full: bool,
+
+        send_waker: WakerRegistration,
+        recv_waker: WakerRegistration,
+    }
+
+    impl State {
+        fn increment(&self, i: usize) -> usize {
+            if i + 1 == self.len {
+                0
+            } else {
+                i + 1
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn is_full(&self) -> bool {
+            self.full
+        }
+
+        fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+            self.front == self.back && !self.full
+        }
+
+        fn push_index(&mut self) -> Option<usize> {
+            match self.is_full() {
+                true => None,
+                false => Some(self.back),
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn push_done(&mut self) {
+            assert!(!self.is_full());
+            self.back = self.increment(self.back);
+            if self.back == self.front {
+                self.full = true;
+            }
+            self.send_waker.wake();
+        }
+
+        fn pop_index(&mut self) -> Option<usize> {
+            match self.is_empty() {
+                true => None,
+                false => Some(self.front),
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn pop_done(&mut self) {
+            assert!(!self.is_empty());
+            self.front = self.increment(self.front);
+            self.full = false;
+            self.recv_waker.wake();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/embassy-net-driver/Cargo.toml b/embassy-net-driver/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7ab9d1194
--- /dev/null
+++ b/embassy-net-driver/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[package]
+name = "embassy-net-driver"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
+
+
+[package.metadata.embassy_docs]
+src_base = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy/blob/embassy-net-driver-v$VERSION/embassy-net/src/"
+src_base_git = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy/blob/$COMMIT/embassy-net-driver/src/"
+features = ["defmt"]
+target = "thumbv7em-none-eabi"
+
+[dependencies]
+defmt = { version = "0.3", optional = true }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/embassy-net-driver/src/lib.rs b/embassy-net-driver/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a39cfecc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/embassy-net-driver/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+#![no_std]
+
+use core::task::Context;
+
+pub trait Driver {
+    type RxToken<'a>: RxToken
+    where
+        Self: 'a;
+    type TxToken<'a>: TxToken
+    where
+        Self: 'a;
+
+    fn receive(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Option<(Self::RxToken<'_>, Self::TxToken<'_>)>;
+    fn transmit(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Option<Self::TxToken<'_>>;
+    fn link_state(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> LinkState;
+
+    fn capabilities(&self) -> Capabilities;
+    fn ethernet_address(&self) -> [u8; 6];
+}
+
+impl<T: ?Sized + Driver> Driver for &mut T {
+    type RxToken<'a> = T::RxToken<'a>
+    where
+        Self: 'a;
+    type TxToken<'a> = T::TxToken<'a>
+    where
+        Self: 'a;
+
+    fn transmit(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Option<Self::TxToken<'_>> {
+        T::transmit(self, cx)
+    }
+    fn receive(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Option<(Self::RxToken<'_>, Self::TxToken<'_>)> {
+        T::receive(self, cx)
+    }
+    fn capabilities(&self) -> Capabilities {
+        T::capabilities(self)
+    }
+    fn link_state(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> LinkState {
+        T::link_state(self, cx)
+    }
+    fn ethernet_address(&self) -> [u8; 6] {
+        T::ethernet_address(self)
+    }
+}
+
+/// A token to receive a single network packet.
+pub trait RxToken {
+    /// Consumes the token to receive a single network packet.
+    ///
+    /// This method receives a packet and then calls the given closure `f` with the raw
+    /// packet bytes as argument.
+    fn consume<R, F>(self, f: F) -> R
+    where
+        F: FnOnce(&mut [u8]) -> R;
+}
+
+/// A token to transmit a single network packet.
+pub trait TxToken {
+    /// Consumes the token to send a single network packet.
+    ///
+    /// This method constructs a transmit buffer of size `len` and calls the passed
+    /// closure `f` with a mutable reference to that buffer. The closure should construct
+    /// a valid network packet (e.g. an ethernet packet) in the buffer. When the closure
+    /// returns, the transmit buffer is sent out.
+    fn consume<R, F>(self, len: usize, f: F) -> R
+    where
+        F: FnOnce(&mut [u8]) -> R;
+}
+
+/// A description of device capabilities.
+///
+/// Higher-level protocols may achieve higher throughput or lower latency if they consider
+/// the bandwidth or packet size limitations.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
+#[non_exhaustive]
+pub struct Capabilities {
+    /// Medium of the device.
+    ///
+    /// This indicates what kind of packet the sent/received bytes are, and determines
+    /// some behaviors of Interface. For example, ARP/NDISC address resolution is only done
+    /// for Ethernet mediums.
+    pub medium: Medium,
+
+    /// Maximum transmission unit.
+    ///
+    /// The network device is unable to send or receive frames larger than the value returned
+    /// by this function.
+    ///
+    /// For Ethernet devices, this is the maximum Ethernet frame size, including the Ethernet header (14 octets), but
+    /// *not* including the Ethernet FCS (4 octets). Therefore, Ethernet MTU = IP MTU + 14.
+    ///
+    /// Note that in Linux and other OSes, "MTU" is the IP MTU, not the Ethernet MTU, even for Ethernet
+    /// devices. This is a common source of confusion.
+    ///
+    /// Most common IP MTU is 1500. Minimum is 576 (for IPv4) or 1280 (for IPv6). Maximum is 9216 octets.
+    pub max_transmission_unit: usize,
+
+    /// Maximum burst size, in terms of MTU.
+    ///
+    /// The network device is unable to send or receive bursts large than the value returned
+    /// by this function.
+    ///
+    /// If `None`, there is no fixed limit on burst size, e.g. if network buffers are
+    /// dynamically allocated.
+    pub max_burst_size: Option<usize>,
+
+    /// Checksum behavior.
+    ///
+    /// If the network device is capable of verifying or computing checksums for some protocols,
+    /// it can request that the stack not do so in software to improve performance.
+    pub checksum: ChecksumCapabilities,
+}
+
+/// Type of medium of a device.
+#[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Copy, Clone)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
+pub enum Medium {
+    /// Ethernet medium. Devices of this type send and receive Ethernet frames,
+    /// and interfaces using it must do neighbor discovery via ARP or NDISC.
+    ///
+    /// Examples of devices of this type are Ethernet, WiFi (802.11), Linux `tap`, and VPNs in tap (layer 2) mode.
+    Ethernet,
+
+    /// IP medium. Devices of this type send and receive IP frames, without an
+    /// Ethernet header. MAC addresses are not used, and no neighbor discovery (ARP, NDISC) is done.
+    ///
+    /// Examples of devices of this type are the Linux `tun`, PPP interfaces, VPNs in tun (layer 3) mode.
+    Ip,
+}
+
+impl Default for Medium {
+    fn default() -> Medium {
+        Medium::Ethernet
+    }
+}
+
+/// A description of checksum behavior for every supported protocol.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
+#[non_exhaustive]
+pub struct ChecksumCapabilities {
+    pub ipv4: Checksum,
+    pub udp: Checksum,
+    pub tcp: Checksum,
+    pub icmpv4: Checksum,
+    pub icmpv6: Checksum,
+}
+
+/// A description of checksum behavior for a particular protocol.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
+pub enum Checksum {
+    /// Verify checksum when receiving and compute checksum when sending.
+    Both,
+    /// Verify checksum when receiving.
+    Rx,
+    /// Compute checksum before sending.
+    Tx,
+    /// Ignore checksum completely.
+    None,
+}
+
+impl Default for Checksum {
+    fn default() -> Checksum {
+        Checksum::Both
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
+pub enum LinkState {
+    Down,
+    Up,
+}
diff --git a/embassy-net/Cargo.toml b/embassy-net/Cargo.toml
index 2d853762e..9214fd17e 100644
--- a/embassy-net/Cargo.toml
+++ b/embassy-net/Cargo.toml
@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
 [package.metadata.embassy_docs]
 src_base = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy/blob/embassy-net-v$VERSION/embassy-net/src/"
 src_base_git = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy/blob/$COMMIT/embassy-net/src/"
-features = ["pool-4", "defmt", "tcp", "dns", "dhcpv4", "proto-ipv6", "medium-ethernet", "medium-ip"]
+features = ["defmt", "tcp", "dns", "dhcpv4", "proto-ipv6", "medium-ethernet", "medium-ip"]
 target = "thumbv7em-none-eabi"
 
 [features]
 default = []
 std = []
 
-defmt = ["dep:defmt", "smoltcp/defmt"]
+defmt = ["dep:defmt", "smoltcp/defmt", "embassy-net-driver/defmt"]
 
 nightly = ["dep:embedded-io", "embedded-io?/async", "dep:embedded-nal-async"]
 unstable-traits = []
@@ -28,18 +28,12 @@ proto-ipv6 = ["smoltcp/proto-ipv6"]
 medium-ethernet = ["smoltcp/medium-ethernet"]
 medium-ip = ["smoltcp/medium-ip"]
 
-pool-4 = []
-pool-8 = []
-pool-16 = []
-pool-32 = []
-pool-64 = []
-pool-128 = []
-
 [dependencies]
 
 defmt = { version = "0.3", optional = true }
 log = { version = "0.4.14", optional = true }
 
+embassy-net-driver = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-net-driver" }
 embassy-time = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-time" }
 embassy-sync = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-sync" }
 embedded-io = { version = "0.4.0", optional = true }
@@ -52,6 +46,7 @@ stable_deref_trait = { version = "1.2.0", default-features = false }
 futures = { version = "0.3.17", default-features = false, features = [ "async-await" ] }
 atomic-pool = "1.0"
 embedded-nal-async = { version = "0.3.0", optional = true }
+atomic-polyfill = { version = "1.0" }
 
 [dependencies.smoltcp]
 version = "0.8.0"
diff --git a/embassy-net/src/device.rs b/embassy-net/src/device.rs
index 5d86ca91e..44f7dc7bd 100644
--- a/embassy-net/src/device.rs
+++ b/embassy-net/src/device.rs
@@ -1,93 +1,20 @@
 use core::task::Context;
 
+use embassy_net_driver::{Capabilities, Checksum, Driver, Medium, RxToken, TxToken};
 use smoltcp::phy;
-pub use smoltcp::phy::{Checksum, ChecksumCapabilities, DeviceCapabilities, Medium};
 
-#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy)]
-pub enum LinkState {
-    Down,
-    Up,
-}
-
-pub trait Device {
-    type RxToken<'a>: RxToken
-    where
-        Self: 'a;
-    type TxToken<'a>: TxToken
-    where
-        Self: 'a;
-
-    fn receive(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Option<(Self::RxToken<'_>, Self::TxToken<'_>)>;
-    fn transmit(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Option<Self::TxToken<'_>>;
-    fn link_state(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> LinkState;
-
-    fn capabilities(&self) -> phy::DeviceCapabilities;
-    fn ethernet_address(&self) -> [u8; 6];
-}
-
-impl<T: ?Sized + Device> Device for &mut T {
-    type RxToken<'a> = T::RxToken<'a>
-    where
-        Self: 'a;
-    type TxToken<'a> = T::TxToken<'a>
-    where
-        Self: 'a;
-
-    fn transmit(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Option<Self::TxToken<'_>> {
-        T::transmit(self, cx)
-    }
-    fn receive(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Option<(Self::RxToken<'_>, Self::TxToken<'_>)> {
-        T::receive(self, cx)
-    }
-    fn capabilities(&self) -> phy::DeviceCapabilities {
-        T::capabilities(self)
-    }
-    fn link_state(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> LinkState {
-        T::link_state(self, cx)
-    }
-    fn ethernet_address(&self) -> [u8; 6] {
-        T::ethernet_address(self)
-    }
-}
-
-/// A token to receive a single network packet.
-pub trait RxToken {
-    /// Consumes the token to receive a single network packet.
-    ///
-    /// This method receives a packet and then calls the given closure `f` with the raw
-    /// packet bytes as argument.
-    fn consume<R, F>(self, f: F) -> R
-    where
-        F: FnOnce(&mut [u8]) -> R;
-}
-
-/// A token to transmit a single network packet.
-pub trait TxToken {
-    /// Consumes the token to send a single network packet.
-    ///
-    /// This method constructs a transmit buffer of size `len` and calls the passed
-    /// closure `f` with a mutable reference to that buffer. The closure should construct
-    /// a valid network packet (e.g. an ethernet packet) in the buffer. When the closure
-    /// returns, the transmit buffer is sent out.
-    fn consume<R, F>(self, len: usize, f: F) -> R
-    where
-        F: FnOnce(&mut [u8]) -> R;
-}
-
-///////////////////////////
-
-pub(crate) struct DeviceAdapter<'d, 'c, T>
+pub(crate) struct DriverAdapter<'d, 'c, T>
 where
-    T: Device,
+    T: Driver,
 {
     // must be Some when actually using this to rx/tx
     pub cx: Option<&'d mut Context<'c>>,
     pub inner: &'d mut T,
 }
 
-impl<'d, 'c, T> phy::Device for DeviceAdapter<'d, 'c, T>
+impl<'d, 'c, T> phy::Device for DriverAdapter<'d, 'c, T>
 where
-    T: Device,
+    T: Driver,
 {
     type RxToken<'a> = RxTokenAdapter<T::RxToken<'a>> where Self: 'a;
     type TxToken<'a> = TxTokenAdapter<T::TxToken<'a>> where Self: 'a;
@@ -105,7 +32,39 @@ where
 
     /// Get a description of device capabilities.
     fn capabilities(&self) -> phy::DeviceCapabilities {
-        self.inner.capabilities()
+        fn convert(c: Checksum) -> phy::Checksum {
+            match c {
+                Checksum::Both => phy::Checksum::Both,
+                Checksum::Tx => phy::Checksum::Tx,
+                Checksum::Rx => phy::Checksum::Rx,
+                Checksum::None => phy::Checksum::None,
+            }
+        }
+        let caps: Capabilities = self.inner.capabilities();
+        let mut smolcaps = phy::DeviceCapabilities::default();
+
+        smolcaps.max_transmission_unit = caps.max_transmission_unit;
+        smolcaps.max_burst_size = caps.max_burst_size;
+        smolcaps.medium = match caps.medium {
+            #[cfg(feature = "medium-ethernet")]
+            Medium::Ethernet => phy::Medium::Ethernet,
+            #[cfg(feature = "medium-ip")]
+            Medium::Ip => phy::Medium::Ip,
+            _ => panic!(
+                "Unsupported medium {:?}. MAke sure to enable it in embassy-net's Cargo features.",
+                caps.medium
+            ),
+        };
+        smolcaps.checksum.ipv4 = convert(caps.checksum.ipv4);
+        #[cfg(feature = "proto-ipv6")]
+        {
+            smolcaps.checksum.ipv6 = convert(caps.checksum.ipv6);
+        }
+        smolcaps.checksum.tcp = convert(caps.checksum.tcp);
+        smolcaps.checksum.udp = convert(caps.checksum.udp);
+        smolcaps.checksum.icmpv4 = convert(caps.checksum.icmpv4);
+
+        smolcaps
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/embassy-net/src/lib.rs b/embassy-net/src/lib.rs
index afe0d6da0..b58c9cf36 100644
--- a/embassy-net/src/lib.rs
+++ b/embassy-net/src/lib.rs
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ use core::cell::RefCell;
 use core::future::{poll_fn, Future};
 use core::task::{Context, Poll};
 
+use embassy_net_driver::{Driver, LinkState, Medium};
 use embassy_sync::waitqueue::WakerRegistration;
 use embassy_time::{Instant, Timer};
 use futures::pin_mut;
@@ -27,8 +28,6 @@ use smoltcp::iface::SocketHandle;
 use smoltcp::iface::{Interface, InterfaceBuilder, SocketSet, SocketStorage};
 #[cfg(feature = "medium-ethernet")]
 use smoltcp::iface::{Neighbor, NeighborCache, Route, Routes};
-#[cfg(feature = "medium-ethernet")]
-use smoltcp::phy::Medium;
 #[cfg(feature = "dhcpv4")]
 use smoltcp::socket::dhcpv4;
 // smoltcp reexports
@@ -41,7 +40,7 @@ pub use smoltcp::wire::{Ipv6Address, Ipv6Cidr};
 #[cfg(feature = "udp")]
 pub use smoltcp::{socket::udp::PacketMetadata, wire::IpListenEndpoint};
 
-use crate::device::{Device, DeviceAdapter, LinkState};
+use crate::device::DriverAdapter;
 
 const LOCAL_PORT_MIN: u16 = 1025;
 const LOCAL_PORT_MAX: u16 = 65535;
@@ -82,12 +81,12 @@ pub enum ConfigStrategy {
     Dhcp,
 }
 
-pub struct Stack<D: Device> {
+pub struct Stack<D: Driver> {
     pub(crate) socket: RefCell<SocketStack>,
     inner: RefCell<Inner<D>>,
 }
 
-struct Inner<D: Device> {
+struct Inner<D: Driver> {
     device: D,
     link_up: bool,
     config: Option<Config>,
@@ -102,7 +101,7 @@ pub(crate) struct SocketStack {
     next_local_port: u16,
 }
 
-impl<D: Device + 'static> Stack<D> {
+impl<D: Driver + 'static> Stack<D> {
     pub fn new<const ADDR: usize, const SOCK: usize, const NEIGH: usize>(
         mut device: D,
         config: ConfigStrategy,
@@ -130,7 +129,7 @@ impl<D: Device + 'static> Stack<D> {
             b = b.routes(Routes::new(&mut resources.routes[..]));
         }
 
-        let iface = b.finalize(&mut DeviceAdapter {
+        let iface = b.finalize(&mut DriverAdapter {
             inner: &mut device,
             cx: None,
         });
@@ -211,7 +210,7 @@ impl SocketStack {
     }
 }
 
-impl<D: Device + 'static> Inner<D> {
+impl<D: Driver + 'static> Inner<D> {
     fn apply_config(&mut self, s: &mut SocketStack, config: Config) {
         #[cfg(feature = "medium-ethernet")]
         let medium = self.device.capabilities().medium;
@@ -263,7 +262,7 @@ impl<D: Device + 'static> Inner<D> {
         s.waker.register(cx.waker());
 
         let timestamp = instant_to_smoltcp(Instant::now());
-        let mut smoldev = DeviceAdapter {
+        let mut smoldev = DriverAdapter {
             cx: Some(cx),
             inner: &mut self.device,
         };
diff --git a/embassy-net/src/tcp.rs b/embassy-net/src/tcp.rs
index 55cbda455..0fbf0c91b 100644
--- a/embassy-net/src/tcp.rs
+++ b/embassy-net/src/tcp.rs
@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@ use core::future::poll_fn;
 use core::mem;
 use core::task::Poll;
 
+use embassy_net_driver::Driver;
 use smoltcp::iface::{Interface, SocketHandle};
 use smoltcp::socket::tcp;
 use smoltcp::time::Duration;
 use smoltcp::wire::{IpEndpoint, IpListenEndpoint};
 
-use crate::device::Device;
 use crate::{SocketStack, Stack};
 
 #[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy, Debug)]
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ impl<'a> TcpWriter<'a> {
 }
 
 impl<'a> TcpSocket<'a> {
-    pub fn new<D: Device>(stack: &'a Stack<D>, rx_buffer: &'a mut [u8], tx_buffer: &'a mut [u8]) -> Self {
+    pub fn new<D: Driver>(stack: &'a Stack<D>, rx_buffer: &'a mut [u8], tx_buffer: &'a mut [u8]) -> Self {
         let s = &mut *stack.socket.borrow_mut();
         let rx_buffer: &'static mut [u8] = unsafe { mem::transmute(rx_buffer) };
         let tx_buffer: &'static mut [u8] = unsafe { mem::transmute(tx_buffer) };
@@ -329,26 +329,26 @@ pub mod client {
     use core::cell::UnsafeCell;
     use core::mem::MaybeUninit;
     use core::ptr::NonNull;
-    use core::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
 
+    use atomic_polyfill::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
     use embedded_nal_async::IpAddr;
 
     use super::*;
 
     /// TCP client capable of creating up to N multiple connections with tx and rx buffers according to TX_SZ and RX_SZ.
-    pub struct TcpClient<'d, D: Device, const N: usize, const TX_SZ: usize = 1024, const RX_SZ: usize = 1024> {
+    pub struct TcpClient<'d, D: Driver, const N: usize, const TX_SZ: usize = 1024, const RX_SZ: usize = 1024> {
         stack: &'d Stack<D>,
         state: &'d TcpClientState<N, TX_SZ, RX_SZ>,
     }
 
-    impl<'d, D: Device, const N: usize, const TX_SZ: usize, const RX_SZ: usize> TcpClient<'d, D, N, TX_SZ, RX_SZ> {
+    impl<'d, D: Driver, const N: usize, const TX_SZ: usize, const RX_SZ: usize> TcpClient<'d, D, N, TX_SZ, RX_SZ> {
         /// Create a new TcpClient
         pub fn new(stack: &'d Stack<D>, state: &'d TcpClientState<N, TX_SZ, RX_SZ>) -> Self {
             Self { stack, state }
         }
     }
 
-    impl<'d, D: Device, const N: usize, const TX_SZ: usize, const RX_SZ: usize> embedded_nal_async::TcpConnect
+    impl<'d, D: Driver, const N: usize, const TX_SZ: usize, const RX_SZ: usize> embedded_nal_async::TcpConnect
         for TcpClient<'d, D, N, TX_SZ, RX_SZ>
     {
         type Error = Error;
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ pub mod client {
     }
 
     impl<'d, const N: usize, const TX_SZ: usize, const RX_SZ: usize> TcpConnection<'d, N, TX_SZ, RX_SZ> {
-        fn new<D: Device>(stack: &'d Stack<D>, state: &'d TcpClientState<N, TX_SZ, RX_SZ>) -> Result<Self, Error> {
+        fn new<D: Driver>(stack: &'d Stack<D>, state: &'d TcpClientState<N, TX_SZ, RX_SZ>) -> Result<Self, Error> {
             let mut bufs = state.pool.alloc().ok_or(Error::ConnectionReset)?;
             Ok(Self {
                 socket: unsafe { TcpSocket::new(stack, &mut bufs.as_mut().0, &mut bufs.as_mut().1) },
diff --git a/embassy-net/src/udp.rs b/embassy-net/src/udp.rs
index 2f5334df3..0ee8c6e19 100644
--- a/embassy-net/src/udp.rs
+++ b/embassy-net/src/udp.rs
@@ -3,11 +3,12 @@ use core::future::poll_fn;
 use core::mem;
 use core::task::Poll;
 
+use embassy_net_driver::Driver;
 use smoltcp::iface::{Interface, SocketHandle};
 use smoltcp::socket::udp::{self, PacketMetadata};
 use smoltcp::wire::{IpEndpoint, IpListenEndpoint};
 
-use crate::{Device, SocketStack, Stack};
+use crate::{SocketStack, Stack};
 
 #[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy, Debug)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ pub struct UdpSocket<'a> {
 }
 
 impl<'a> UdpSocket<'a> {
-    pub fn new<D: Device>(
+    pub fn new<D: Driver>(
         stack: &'a Stack<D>,
         rx_meta: &'a mut [PacketMetadata],
         rx_buffer: &'a mut [u8],
diff --git a/embassy-stm32/Cargo.toml b/embassy-stm32/Cargo.toml
index 0c491ee46..67996cca4 100644
--- a/embassy-stm32/Cargo.toml
+++ b/embassy-stm32/Cargo.toml
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ embassy-futures = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-futures" }
 embassy-cortex-m = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-cortex-m", features = ["prio-bits-4"]}
 embassy-hal-common = {version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-hal-common" }
 embassy-embedded-hal = {version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-embedded-hal" }
-embassy-net = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-net", optional = true }
+embassy-net-driver = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-net-driver" }
 embassy-usb-driver = {version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-usb-driver", optional = true }
 
 embedded-hal-02 = { package = "embedded-hal", version = "0.2.6", features = ["unproven"] }
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ quote = "1.0.15"
 stm32-metapac = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../stm32-metapac", default-features = false, features = ["metadata"]}
 
 [features]
-defmt = ["dep:defmt", "bxcan/unstable-defmt", "embassy-sync/defmt", "embassy-executor/defmt", "embassy-embedded-hal/defmt", "embassy-hal-common/defmt", "embedded-io?/defmt", "embassy-usb-driver?/defmt"]
+defmt = ["dep:defmt", "bxcan/unstable-defmt", "embassy-sync/defmt", "embassy-executor/defmt", "embassy-embedded-hal/defmt", "embassy-hal-common/defmt", "embedded-io?/defmt", "embassy-usb-driver?/defmt", "embassy-net-driver/defmt"]
 sdmmc-rs = ["embedded-sdmmc"]
 memory-x = ["stm32-metapac/memory-x"]
 subghz = []
diff --git a/embassy-stm32/src/eth/mod.rs b/embassy-stm32/src/eth/mod.rs
index fd1b48530..9f62b61ee 100644
--- a/embassy-stm32/src/eth/mod.rs
+++ b/embassy-stm32/src/eth/mod.rs
@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
 #![macro_use]
-#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "embassy-net"), allow(unused))]
 
 #[cfg_attr(any(eth_v1a, eth_v1b, eth_v1c), path = "v1/mod.rs")]
 #[cfg_attr(eth_v2, path = "v2/mod.rs")]
 mod _version;
 pub mod generic_smi;
 
-pub use _version::*;
+use core::task::Context;
+
+use embassy_net_driver::{Capabilities, LinkState};
 use embassy_sync::waitqueue::AtomicWaker;
 
+pub use self::_version::*;
+
 #[allow(unused)]
 const MTU: usize = 1514;
 const TX_BUFFER_SIZE: usize = 1514;
@@ -40,92 +43,84 @@ impl<const TX: usize, const RX: usize> PacketQueue<TX, RX> {
 
 static WAKER: AtomicWaker = AtomicWaker::new();
 
-#[cfg(feature = "embassy-net")]
-mod embassy_net_impl {
-    use core::task::Context;
-
-    use embassy_net::device::{Device, DeviceCapabilities, LinkState};
-
-    use super::*;
-
-    impl<'d, T: Instance, P: PHY> Device for Ethernet<'d, T, P> {
-        type RxToken<'a> = RxToken<'a, 'd> where Self: 'a;
-        type TxToken<'a> = TxToken<'a, 'd> where Self: 'a;
+impl<'d, T: Instance, P: PHY> embassy_net_driver::Driver for Ethernet<'d, T, P> {
+    type RxToken<'a> = RxToken<'a, 'd> where Self: 'a;
+    type TxToken<'a> = TxToken<'a, 'd> where Self: 'a;
 
-        fn receive(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Option<(Self::RxToken<'_>, Self::TxToken<'_>)> {
-            WAKER.register(cx.waker());
-            if self.rx.available().is_some() && self.tx.available().is_some() {
-                Some((RxToken { rx: &mut self.rx }, TxToken { tx: &mut self.tx }))
-            } else {
-                None
-            }
-        }
-
-        fn transmit(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Option<Self::TxToken<'_>> {
-            WAKER.register(cx.waker());
-            if self.tx.available().is_some() {
-                Some(TxToken { tx: &mut self.tx })
-            } else {
-                None
-            }
+    fn receive(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Option<(Self::RxToken<'_>, Self::TxToken<'_>)> {
+        WAKER.register(cx.waker());
+        if self.rx.available().is_some() && self.tx.available().is_some() {
+            Some((RxToken { rx: &mut self.rx }, TxToken { tx: &mut self.tx }))
+        } else {
+            None
         }
+    }
 
-        fn capabilities(&self) -> DeviceCapabilities {
-            let mut caps = DeviceCapabilities::default();
-            caps.max_transmission_unit = MTU;
-            caps.max_burst_size = Some(self.tx.len());
-            caps
+    fn transmit(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Option<Self::TxToken<'_>> {
+        WAKER.register(cx.waker());
+        if self.tx.available().is_some() {
+            Some(TxToken { tx: &mut self.tx })
+        } else {
+            None
         }
+    }
 
-        fn link_state(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> LinkState {
-            // TODO: wake cx.waker on link state change
-            cx.waker().wake_by_ref();
-            if P::poll_link(self) {
-                LinkState::Up
-            } else {
-                LinkState::Down
-            }
-        }
+    fn capabilities(&self) -> Capabilities {
+        let mut caps = Capabilities::default();
+        caps.max_transmission_unit = MTU;
+        caps.max_burst_size = Some(self.tx.len());
+        caps
+    }
 
-        fn ethernet_address(&self) -> [u8; 6] {
-            self.mac_addr
+    fn link_state(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> LinkState {
+        // TODO: wake cx.waker on link state change
+        cx.waker().wake_by_ref();
+        if P::poll_link(self) {
+            LinkState::Up
+        } else {
+            LinkState::Down
         }
     }
 
-    pub struct RxToken<'a, 'd> {
-        rx: &'a mut RDesRing<'d>,
+    fn ethernet_address(&self) -> [u8; 6] {
+        self.mac_addr
     }
+}
 
-    impl<'a, 'd> embassy_net::device::RxToken for RxToken<'a, 'd> {
-        fn consume<R, F>(self, f: F) -> R
-        where
-            F: FnOnce(&mut [u8]) -> R,
-        {
-            // NOTE(unwrap): we checked the queue wasn't full when creating the token.
-            let pkt = unwrap!(self.rx.available());
-            let r = f(pkt);
-            self.rx.pop_packet();
-            r
-        }
-    }
+pub struct RxToken<'a, 'd> {
+    rx: &'a mut RDesRing<'d>,
+}
 
-    pub struct TxToken<'a, 'd> {
-        tx: &'a mut TDesRing<'d>,
+impl<'a, 'd> embassy_net_driver::RxToken for RxToken<'a, 'd> {
+    fn consume<R, F>(self, f: F) -> R
+    where
+        F: FnOnce(&mut [u8]) -> R,
+    {
+        // NOTE(unwrap): we checked the queue wasn't full when creating the token.
+        let pkt = unwrap!(self.rx.available());
+        let r = f(pkt);
+        self.rx.pop_packet();
+        r
     }
+}
 
-    impl<'a, 'd> embassy_net::device::TxToken for TxToken<'a, 'd> {
-        fn consume<R, F>(self, len: usize, f: F) -> R
-        where
-            F: FnOnce(&mut [u8]) -> R,
-        {
-            // NOTE(unwrap): we checked the queue wasn't full when creating the token.
-            let pkt = unwrap!(self.tx.available());
-            let r = f(&mut pkt[..len]);
-            self.tx.transmit(len);
-            r
-        }
+pub struct TxToken<'a, 'd> {
+    tx: &'a mut TDesRing<'d>,
+}
+
+impl<'a, 'd> embassy_net_driver::TxToken for TxToken<'a, 'd> {
+    fn consume<R, F>(self, len: usize, f: F) -> R
+    where
+        F: FnOnce(&mut [u8]) -> R,
+    {
+        // NOTE(unwrap): we checked the queue wasn't full when creating the token.
+        let pkt = unwrap!(self.tx.available());
+        let r = f(&mut pkt[..len]);
+        self.tx.transmit(len);
+        r
     }
 }
+
 /// Station Management Interface (SMI) on an ethernet PHY
 ///
 /// # Safety
diff --git a/embassy-stm32/src/eth/v1/mod.rs b/embassy-stm32/src/eth/v1/mod.rs
index de36d3da1..9c0f4d66d 100644
--- a/embassy-stm32/src/eth/v1/mod.rs
+++ b/embassy-stm32/src/eth/v1/mod.rs
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ pub(crate) use self::rx_desc::{RDes, RDesRing};
 pub(crate) use self::tx_desc::{TDes, TDesRing};
 use super::*;
 use crate::gpio::sealed::{AFType, Pin as __GpioPin};
-use crate::gpio::{AnyPin, Speed};
+use crate::gpio::AnyPin;
 #[cfg(eth_v1a)]
 use crate::pac::AFIO;
 #[cfg(any(eth_v1b, eth_v1c))]
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ macro_rules! config_pins {
         critical_section::with(|_| {
             $(
                 $pin.set_as_af($pin.af_num(), AFType::OutputPushPull);
-                $pin.set_speed(Speed::VeryHigh);
+                $pin.set_speed(crate::gpio::Speed::VeryHigh);
             )*
         })
     };
diff --git a/embassy-usb-driver/Cargo.toml b/embassy-usb-driver/Cargo.toml
index d22bf7d72..d658f9ec7 100644
--- a/embassy-usb-driver/Cargo.toml
+++ b/embassy-usb-driver/Cargo.toml
@@ -14,4 +14,3 @@ target = "thumbv7em-none-eabi"
 
 [dependencies]
 defmt = { version = "0.3", optional = true }
-log = { version = "0.4.14", optional = true }
diff --git a/embassy-usb/Cargo.toml b/embassy-usb/Cargo.toml
index 1e72ce682..1e567bb94 100644
--- a/embassy-usb/Cargo.toml
+++ b/embassy-usb/Cargo.toml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ default = ["usbd-hid"]
 embassy-futures = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-futures" }
 embassy-usb-driver = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-usb-driver" }
 embassy-sync = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-sync" }
-embassy-net = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-net", optional = true }
+embassy-net-driver-channel = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-net-driver-channel" }
 
 defmt = { version = "0.3", optional = true }
 log = { version = "0.4.14", optional = true }
diff --git a/embassy-usb/src/class/cdc_ncm/embassy_net.rs b/embassy-usb/src/class/cdc_ncm/embassy_net.rs
index 60bbfd8d4..7ecf693d2 100644
--- a/embassy-usb/src/class/cdc_ncm/embassy_net.rs
+++ b/embassy-usb/src/class/cdc_ncm/embassy_net.rs
@@ -1,81 +1,45 @@
-use core::cell::RefCell;
-use core::mem::MaybeUninit;
-use core::task::Context;
-
 use embassy_futures::select::{select, Either};
-use embassy_net::device::{Device as DeviceTrait, DeviceCapabilities, LinkState, Medium};
-use embassy_sync::blocking_mutex::raw::NoopRawMutex;
-use embassy_sync::blocking_mutex::Mutex;
-use embassy_sync::waitqueue::WakerRegistration;
+use embassy_net_driver_channel as ch;
+use embassy_net_driver_channel::driver::LinkState;
 use embassy_usb_driver::Driver;
 
 use super::{CdcNcmClass, Receiver, Sender};
 
-pub struct State<'d, const MTU: usize, const N_RX: usize, const N_TX: usize> {
-    rx: [PacketBuf<MTU>; N_RX],
-    tx: [PacketBuf<MTU>; N_TX],
-    inner: MaybeUninit<StateInner<'d, MTU>>,
+pub struct State<const MTU: usize, const N_RX: usize, const N_TX: usize> {
+    ch_state: ch::State<MTU, N_RX, N_TX>,
 }
 
-impl<'d, const MTU: usize, const N_RX: usize, const N_TX: usize> State<'d, MTU, N_RX, N_TX> {
-    const NEW_PACKET: PacketBuf<MTU> = PacketBuf::new();
-
+impl<const MTU: usize, const N_RX: usize, const N_TX: usize> State<MTU, N_RX, N_TX> {
     pub const fn new() -> Self {
         Self {
-            rx: [Self::NEW_PACKET; N_RX],
-            tx: [Self::NEW_PACKET; N_TX],
-            inner: MaybeUninit::uninit(),
+            ch_state: ch::State::new(),
         }
     }
 }
 
-struct StateInner<'d, const MTU: usize> {
-    rx: zerocopy_channel::Channel<'d, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
-    tx: zerocopy_channel::Channel<'d, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
-    link_state: Mutex<NoopRawMutex, RefCell<LinkStateState>>,
-}
-
-/// State of the LinkState
-struct LinkStateState {
-    state: LinkState,
-    waker: WakerRegistration,
-}
-
 pub struct Runner<'d, D: Driver<'d>, const MTU: usize> {
     tx_usb: Sender<'d, D>,
-    tx_chan: zerocopy_channel::Receiver<'d, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
     rx_usb: Receiver<'d, D>,
-    rx_chan: zerocopy_channel::Sender<'d, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
-    link_state: &'d Mutex<NoopRawMutex, RefCell<LinkStateState>>,
+    ch: ch::Runner<'d, MTU>,
 }
 
 impl<'d, D: Driver<'d>, const MTU: usize> Runner<'d, D, MTU> {
     pub async fn run(mut self) -> ! {
+        let (mut rx_chan, mut tx_chan) = self.ch.split();
         let rx_fut = async move {
             loop {
                 trace!("WAITING for connection");
-                self.link_state.lock(|s| {
-                    let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
-                    s.state = LinkState::Down;
-                    s.waker.wake();
-                });
+                rx_chan.set_link_state(LinkState::Down);
 
                 self.rx_usb.wait_connection().await.unwrap();
 
                 trace!("Connected");
-                self.link_state.lock(|s| {
-                    let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
-                    s.state = LinkState::Up;
-                    s.waker.wake();
-                });
+                rx_chan.set_link_state(LinkState::Up);
 
                 loop {
-                    let p = self.rx_chan.send().await;
-                    match self.rx_usb.read_packet(&mut p.buf).await {
-                        Ok(n) => {
-                            p.len = n;
-                            self.rx_chan.send_done();
-                        }
+                    let p = rx_chan.rx_buf().await;
+                    match self.rx_usb.read_packet(p).await {
+                        Ok(n) => rx_chan.rx_done(n),
                         Err(e) => {
                             warn!("error reading packet: {:?}", e);
                             break;
@@ -86,11 +50,11 @@ impl<'d, D: Driver<'d>, const MTU: usize> Runner<'d, D, MTU> {
         };
         let tx_fut = async move {
             loop {
-                let p = self.tx_chan.recv().await;
-                if let Err(e) = self.tx_usb.write_packet(&p.buf[..p.len]).await {
+                let p = tx_chan.tx_buf().await;
+                if let Err(e) = self.tx_usb.write_packet(p).await {
                     warn!("Failed to TX packet: {:?}", e);
                 }
-                self.tx_chan.recv_done();
+                tx_chan.tx_done();
             }
         };
         match select(rx_fut, tx_fut).await {
@@ -100,350 +64,26 @@ impl<'d, D: Driver<'d>, const MTU: usize> Runner<'d, D, MTU> {
     }
 }
 
+// would be cool to use a TAIT here, but it gives a "may not live long enough". rustc bug?
+//pub type Device<'d, const MTU: usize> = impl embassy_net_driver_channel::driver::Driver + 'd;
+pub type Device<'d, const MTU: usize> = embassy_net_driver_channel::Device<'d, MTU>;
+
 impl<'d, D: Driver<'d>> CdcNcmClass<'d, D> {
     pub fn into_embassy_net_device<const MTU: usize, const N_RX: usize, const N_TX: usize>(
         self,
-        state: &'d mut State<'d, MTU, N_RX, N_TX>,
+        state: &'d mut State<MTU, N_RX, N_TX>,
         ethernet_address: [u8; 6],
     ) -> (Runner<'d, D, MTU>, Device<'d, MTU>) {
         let (tx_usb, rx_usb) = self.split();
-
-        let mut caps = DeviceCapabilities::default();
-        caps.max_transmission_unit = 1514; // 1500 IP + 14 ethernet header
-        caps.medium = Medium::Ethernet;
-
-        let state = state.inner.write(StateInner {
-            rx: zerocopy_channel::Channel::new(&mut state.rx[..]),
-            tx: zerocopy_channel::Channel::new(&mut state.tx[..]),
-            link_state: Mutex::new(RefCell::new(LinkStateState {
-                state: LinkState::Down,
-                waker: WakerRegistration::new(),
-            })),
-        });
-
-        let (rx_sender, rx_receiver) = state.rx.split();
-        let (tx_sender, tx_receiver) = state.tx.split();
+        let (runner, device) = ch::new(&mut state.ch_state, ethernet_address);
 
         (
             Runner {
                 tx_usb,
-                tx_chan: tx_receiver,
                 rx_usb,
-                rx_chan: rx_sender,
-                link_state: &state.link_state,
-            },
-            Device {
-                caps,
-                ethernet_address,
-                link_state: &state.link_state,
-                rx: rx_receiver,
-                tx: tx_sender,
+                ch: runner,
             },
+            device,
         )
     }
 }
-
-pub struct PacketBuf<const MTU: usize> {
-    len: usize,
-    buf: [u8; MTU],
-}
-
-impl<const MTU: usize> PacketBuf<MTU> {
-    pub const fn new() -> Self {
-        Self { len: 0, buf: [0; MTU] }
-    }
-}
-
-pub struct Device<'d, const MTU: usize> {
-    rx: zerocopy_channel::Receiver<'d, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
-    tx: zerocopy_channel::Sender<'d, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
-    link_state: &'d Mutex<NoopRawMutex, RefCell<LinkStateState>>,
-    caps: DeviceCapabilities,
-    ethernet_address: [u8; 6],
-}
-
-impl<'d, const MTU: usize> DeviceTrait for Device<'d, MTU> {
-    type RxToken<'a> = RxToken<'a, MTU> where Self: 'a ;
-    type TxToken<'a> = TxToken<'a, MTU> where Self: 'a ;
-
-    fn receive(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Option<(Self::RxToken<'_>, Self::TxToken<'_>)> {
-        if self.rx.poll_recv(cx).is_ready() && self.tx.poll_send(cx).is_ready() {
-            Some((RxToken { rx: self.rx.borrow() }, TxToken { tx: self.tx.borrow() }))
-        } else {
-            None
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Construct a transmit token.
-    fn transmit(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Option<Self::TxToken<'_>> {
-        if self.tx.poll_send(cx).is_ready() {
-            Some(TxToken { tx: self.tx.borrow() })
-        } else {
-            None
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Get a description of device capabilities.
-    fn capabilities(&self) -> DeviceCapabilities {
-        self.caps.clone()
-    }
-
-    fn ethernet_address(&self) -> [u8; 6] {
-        self.ethernet_address
-    }
-
-    fn link_state(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> LinkState {
-        self.link_state.lock(|s| {
-            let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
-            s.waker.register(cx.waker());
-            s.state
-        })
-    }
-}
-
-pub struct RxToken<'a, const MTU: usize> {
-    rx: zerocopy_channel::Receiver<'a, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
-}
-
-impl<'a, const MTU: usize> embassy_net::device::RxToken for RxToken<'a, MTU> {
-    fn consume<R, F>(mut self, f: F) -> R
-    where
-        F: FnOnce(&mut [u8]) -> R,
-    {
-        // NOTE(unwrap): we checked the queue wasn't full when creating the token.
-        let pkt = unwrap!(self.rx.try_recv());
-        let r = f(&mut pkt.buf[..pkt.len]);
-        self.rx.recv_done();
-        r
-    }
-}
-
-pub struct TxToken<'a, const MTU: usize> {
-    tx: zerocopy_channel::Sender<'a, NoopRawMutex, PacketBuf<MTU>>,
-}
-
-impl<'a, const MTU: usize> embassy_net::device::TxToken for TxToken<'a, MTU> {
-    fn consume<R, F>(mut self, len: usize, f: F) -> R
-    where
-        F: FnOnce(&mut [u8]) -> R,
-    {
-        // NOTE(unwrap): we checked the queue wasn't full when creating the token.
-        let pkt = unwrap!(self.tx.try_send());
-        let r = f(&mut pkt.buf[..len]);
-        pkt.len = len;
-        self.tx.send_done();
-        r
-    }
-}
-
-mod zerocopy_channel {
-    use core::cell::RefCell;
-    use core::future::poll_fn;
-    use core::marker::PhantomData;
-    use core::task::{Context, Poll};
-
-    use embassy_sync::blocking_mutex::raw::RawMutex;
-    use embassy_sync::blocking_mutex::Mutex;
-    use embassy_sync::waitqueue::WakerRegistration;
-
-    pub struct Channel<'a, M: RawMutex, T> {
-        buf: *mut T,
-        phantom: PhantomData<&'a mut T>,
-        state: Mutex<M, RefCell<State>>,
-    }
-
-    impl<'a, M: RawMutex, T> Channel<'a, M, T> {
-        pub fn new(buf: &'a mut [T]) -> Self {
-            let len = buf.len();
-            assert!(len != 0);
-
-            Self {
-                buf: buf.as_mut_ptr(),
-                phantom: PhantomData,
-                state: Mutex::new(RefCell::new(State {
-                    len,
-                    front: 0,
-                    back: 0,
-                    full: false,
-                    send_waker: WakerRegistration::new(),
-                    recv_waker: WakerRegistration::new(),
-                })),
-            }
-        }
-
-        pub fn split(&mut self) -> (Sender<'_, M, T>, Receiver<'_, M, T>) {
-            (Sender { channel: self }, Receiver { channel: self })
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub struct Sender<'a, M: RawMutex, T> {
-        channel: &'a Channel<'a, M, T>,
-    }
-
-    impl<'a, M: RawMutex, T> Sender<'a, M, T> {
-        pub fn borrow(&mut self) -> Sender<'_, M, T> {
-            Sender { channel: self.channel }
-        }
-
-        pub fn try_send(&mut self) -> Option<&mut T> {
-            self.channel.state.lock(|s| {
-                let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
-                match s.push_index() {
-                    Some(i) => Some(unsafe { &mut *self.channel.buf.add(i) }),
-                    None => None,
-                }
-            })
-        }
-
-        pub fn poll_send(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Poll<&mut T> {
-            self.channel.state.lock(|s| {
-                let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
-                match s.push_index() {
-                    Some(i) => Poll::Ready(unsafe { &mut *self.channel.buf.add(i) }),
-                    None => {
-                        s.recv_waker.register(cx.waker());
-                        Poll::Pending
-                    }
-                }
-            })
-        }
-
-        pub async fn send(&mut self) -> &mut T {
-            let i = poll_fn(|cx| {
-                self.channel.state.lock(|s| {
-                    let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
-                    match s.push_index() {
-                        Some(i) => Poll::Ready(i),
-                        None => {
-                            s.recv_waker.register(cx.waker());
-                            Poll::Pending
-                        }
-                    }
-                })
-            })
-            .await;
-            unsafe { &mut *self.channel.buf.add(i) }
-        }
-
-        pub fn send_done(&mut self) {
-            self.channel.state.lock(|s| s.borrow_mut().push_done())
-        }
-    }
-    pub struct Receiver<'a, M: RawMutex, T> {
-        channel: &'a Channel<'a, M, T>,
-    }
-
-    impl<'a, M: RawMutex, T> Receiver<'a, M, T> {
-        pub fn borrow(&mut self) -> Receiver<'_, M, T> {
-            Receiver { channel: self.channel }
-        }
-
-        pub fn try_recv(&mut self) -> Option<&mut T> {
-            self.channel.state.lock(|s| {
-                let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
-                match s.pop_index() {
-                    Some(i) => Some(unsafe { &mut *self.channel.buf.add(i) }),
-                    None => None,
-                }
-            })
-        }
-
-        pub fn poll_recv(&mut self, cx: &mut Context) -> Poll<&mut T> {
-            self.channel.state.lock(|s| {
-                let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
-                match s.pop_index() {
-                    Some(i) => Poll::Ready(unsafe { &mut *self.channel.buf.add(i) }),
-                    None => {
-                        s.send_waker.register(cx.waker());
-                        Poll::Pending
-                    }
-                }
-            })
-        }
-
-        pub async fn recv(&mut self) -> &mut T {
-            let i = poll_fn(|cx| {
-                self.channel.state.lock(|s| {
-                    let s = &mut *s.borrow_mut();
-                    match s.pop_index() {
-                        Some(i) => Poll::Ready(i),
-                        None => {
-                            s.send_waker.register(cx.waker());
-                            Poll::Pending
-                        }
-                    }
-                })
-            })
-            .await;
-            unsafe { &mut *self.channel.buf.add(i) }
-        }
-
-        pub fn recv_done(&mut self) {
-            self.channel.state.lock(|s| s.borrow_mut().pop_done())
-        }
-    }
-
-    struct State {
-        len: usize,
-
-        /// Front index. Always 0..=(N-1)
-        front: usize,
-        /// Back index. Always 0..=(N-1).
-        back: usize,
-
-        /// Used to distinguish "empty" and "full" cases when `front == back`.
-        /// May only be `true` if `front == back`, always `false` otherwise.
-        full: bool,
-
-        send_waker: WakerRegistration,
-        recv_waker: WakerRegistration,
-    }
-
-    impl State {
-        fn increment(&self, i: usize) -> usize {
-            if i + 1 == self.len {
-                0
-            } else {
-                i + 1
-            }
-        }
-
-        fn is_full(&self) -> bool {
-            self.full
-        }
-
-        fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
-            self.front == self.back && !self.full
-        }
-
-        fn push_index(&mut self) -> Option<usize> {
-            match self.is_full() {
-                true => None,
-                false => Some(self.back),
-            }
-        }
-
-        fn push_done(&mut self) {
-            assert!(!self.is_full());
-            self.back = self.increment(self.back);
-            if self.back == self.front {
-                self.full = true;
-            }
-            self.send_waker.wake();
-        }
-
-        fn pop_index(&mut self) -> Option<usize> {
-            match self.is_empty() {
-                true => None,
-                false => Some(self.front),
-            }
-        }
-
-        fn pop_done(&mut self) {
-            assert!(!self.is_empty());
-            self.front = self.increment(self.front);
-            self.full = false;
-            self.recv_waker.wake();
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/embassy-usb/src/class/cdc_ncm/mod.rs b/embassy-usb/src/class/cdc_ncm/mod.rs
index 2ee47f68c..4954a65bc 100644
--- a/embassy-usb/src/class/cdc_ncm/mod.rs
+++ b/embassy-usb/src/class/cdc_ncm/mod.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ use crate::driver::{Driver, Endpoint, EndpointError, EndpointIn, EndpointOut};
 use crate::types::*;
 use crate::Builder;
 
-#[cfg(feature = "embassy-net")]
 pub mod embassy_net;
 
 /// This should be used as `device_class` when building the `UsbDevice`.
diff --git a/examples/nrf/Cargo.toml b/examples/nrf/Cargo.toml
index a980a505c..994823a9e 100644
--- a/examples/nrf/Cargo.toml
+++ b/examples/nrf/Cargo.toml
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ embassy-sync = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-sync", features = ["de
 embassy-executor = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-executor", features = ["defmt", "integrated-timers"] }
 embassy-time = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-time", features = ["defmt", "defmt-timestamp-uptime"] }
 embassy-nrf = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-nrf", features = ["defmt", "nrf52840", "time-driver-rtc1", "gpiote", "unstable-pac"] }
-embassy-net = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-net", features = ["defmt", "tcp", "dhcpv4", "medium-ethernet", "pool-16"], optional = true }
-embassy-usb = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-usb", features = ["defmt", "embassy-net"], optional = true }
+embassy-net = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-net", features = ["defmt", "tcp", "dhcpv4", "medium-ethernet"], optional = true }
+embassy-usb = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-usb", features = ["defmt"], optional = true }
 embedded-io = "0.4.0"
 embassy-lora = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-lora", features = ["sx126x", "time", "defmt"], optional = true }
 
diff --git a/examples/rp/Cargo.toml b/examples/rp/Cargo.toml
index 31a08cfb6..afd1042a1 100644
--- a/examples/rp/Cargo.toml
+++ b/examples/rp/Cargo.toml
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ embassy-sync = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-sync", features = ["de
 embassy-executor = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-executor", features = ["defmt", "integrated-timers"] }
 embassy-time = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-time", features = ["defmt", "defmt-timestamp-uptime"] }
 embassy-rp = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-rp", features = ["defmt", "unstable-traits", "nightly", "unstable-pac", "time-driver", "pio", "critical-section-impl"] }
-embassy-usb = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-usb", features = ["defmt", "embassy-net"] }
-embassy-net = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-net", features = ["defmt", "nightly", "tcp", "dhcpv4", "medium-ethernet", "pool-16"] }
+embassy-usb = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-usb", features = ["defmt"] }
+embassy-net = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-net", features = ["defmt", "nightly", "tcp", "dhcpv4", "medium-ethernet"] }
 embassy-futures = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-futures" }
 embassy-usb-logger = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-usb-logger" }
 
diff --git a/examples/std/Cargo.toml b/examples/std/Cargo.toml
index 41680f8f4..45b2a4a4f 100644
--- a/examples/std/Cargo.toml
+++ b/examples/std/Cargo.toml
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
 embassy-sync = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-sync", features = ["log"] }
 embassy-executor = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-executor", features = ["log", "std", "nightly", "integrated-timers"] }
 embassy-time = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-time", features = ["log", "std", "nightly"] }
-embassy-net = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-net", features=[ "std", "nightly", "log", "medium-ethernet", "tcp", "udp", "dhcpv4", "pool-16"] }
+embassy-net = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-net", features=[ "std", "nightly", "log", "medium-ethernet", "tcp", "udp", "dhcpv4"] }
+embassy-net-driver = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-net-driver" }
 embedded-io = { version = "0.4.0", features = ["async", "std", "futures"] }
 critical-section = { version = "1.1", features = ["std"] }
 
diff --git a/examples/std/src/tuntap.rs b/examples/std/src/tuntap.rs
index bb3e194cc..d918a2e62 100644
--- a/examples/std/src/tuntap.rs
+++ b/examples/std/src/tuntap.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use std::os::unix::io::{AsRawFd, RawFd};
 use std::task::Context;
 
 use async_io::Async;
-use embassy_net::device::{self, Device, DeviceCapabilities, LinkState};
+use embassy_net_driver::{self, Capabilities, Driver, LinkState};
 use log::*;
 
 pub const SIOCGIFMTU: libc::c_ulong = 0x8921;
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ impl TunTapDevice {
     }
 }
 
-impl Device for TunTapDevice {
+impl Driver for TunTapDevice {
     type RxToken<'a> = RxToken where Self: 'a;
     type TxToken<'a> = TxToken<'a> where Self: 'a;
 
@@ -170,8 +170,8 @@ impl Device for TunTapDevice {
         })
     }
 
-    fn capabilities(&self) -> DeviceCapabilities {
-        let mut caps = DeviceCapabilities::default();
+    fn capabilities(&self) -> Capabilities {
+        let mut caps = Capabilities::default();
         caps.max_transmission_unit = self.device.get_ref().mtu;
         caps
     }
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ pub struct RxToken {
     buffer: Vec<u8>,
 }
 
-impl device::RxToken for RxToken {
+impl embassy_net_driver::RxToken for RxToken {
     fn consume<R, F>(mut self, f: F) -> R
     where
         F: FnOnce(&mut [u8]) -> R,
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ pub struct TxToken<'a> {
     device: &'a mut Async<TunTap>,
 }
 
-impl<'a> device::TxToken for TxToken<'a> {
+impl<'a> embassy_net_driver::TxToken for TxToken<'a> {
     fn consume<R, F>(self, len: usize, f: F) -> R
     where
         F: FnOnce(&mut [u8]) -> R,
diff --git a/examples/stm32f7/Cargo.toml b/examples/stm32f7/Cargo.toml
index afdf87000..b80dbbf9c 100644
--- a/examples/stm32f7/Cargo.toml
+++ b/examples/stm32f7/Cargo.toml
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
 embassy-sync = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-sync", features = ["defmt"] }
 embassy-executor = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-executor", features = ["defmt", "integrated-timers"] }
 embassy-time = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-time", features = ["defmt", "defmt-timestamp-uptime", "tick-hz-32_768"] }
-embassy-stm32 = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-stm32", features = ["nightly", "defmt", "embassy-net", "stm32f767zi", "unstable-pac", "time-driver-any", "exti"]  }
-embassy-net = { path = "../../embassy-net", features = ["defmt", "nightly", "tcp", "dhcpv4", "medium-ethernet", "pool-16"] }
+embassy-stm32 = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-stm32", features = ["nightly", "defmt", "stm32f767zi", "unstable-pac", "time-driver-any", "exti"]  }
+embassy-net = { path = "../../embassy-net", features = ["defmt", "nightly", "tcp", "dhcpv4", "medium-ethernet"] }
 embedded-io = { version = "0.4.0", features = ["async"] }
 
 defmt = "0.3"
diff --git a/examples/stm32h7/Cargo.toml b/examples/stm32h7/Cargo.toml
index 5acf0035d..d30c42b1f 100644
--- a/examples/stm32h7/Cargo.toml
+++ b/examples/stm32h7/Cargo.toml
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
 embassy-sync = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-sync", features = ["defmt"] }
 embassy-executor = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-executor", features = ["defmt", "integrated-timers"] }
 embassy-time = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-time", features = ["defmt", "defmt-timestamp-uptime", "unstable-traits", "tick-hz-32_768"] }
-embassy-stm32 = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-stm32", features = ["nightly", "defmt", "stm32h743bi", "embassy-net", "time-driver-any", "exti", "unstable-pac", "unstable-traits"] }
-embassy-net = { path = "../../embassy-net", features = ["defmt", "nightly", "tcp", "dhcpv4", "medium-ethernet", "pool-16", "unstable-traits"] }
+embassy-stm32 = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-stm32", features = ["nightly", "defmt", "stm32h743bi", "time-driver-any", "exti", "unstable-pac", "unstable-traits"] }
+embassy-net = { path = "../../embassy-net", features = ["defmt", "nightly", "tcp", "dhcpv4", "medium-ethernet", "unstable-traits"] }
 embedded-io = { version = "0.4.0", features = ["async"] }
 
 defmt = "0.3"
diff --git a/examples/stm32l5/Cargo.toml b/examples/stm32l5/Cargo.toml
index bb8515312..c0accb0d6 100644
--- a/examples/stm32l5/Cargo.toml
+++ b/examples/stm32l5/Cargo.toml
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ embassy-sync = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-sync", features = ["de
 embassy-executor = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-executor", features = ["defmt", "integrated-timers"] }
 embassy-time = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-time", features = ["defmt", "defmt-timestamp-uptime", "tick-hz-32_768"] }
 embassy-stm32 = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-stm32", features = ["nightly", "defmt", "unstable-pac", "stm32l552ze", "time-driver-any", "exti", "unstable-traits", "memory-x"]  }
-embassy-usb = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-usb", features = ["defmt", "embassy-net"] }
-embassy-net = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-net", features = ["defmt", "nightly", "tcp", "dhcpv4", "medium-ethernet", "pool-16"] }
+embassy-usb = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-usb", features = ["defmt"] }
+embassy-net = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-net", features = ["defmt", "nightly", "tcp", "dhcpv4", "medium-ethernet"] }
 embassy-futures = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-futures" }
 usbd-hid = "0.6.0"