Add embassy-lora crate

This crate contains async radio drivers for various lora drivers that
work with embassy timers. The code is imported from Drogue Device (
https://github.com/drogue-iot/drogue-device)

The radio drivers integrate with the async LoRaWAN MAC layer in the
lorawan-device crate.

Also added is an example for the STM32WL55 and for STM32L0 (requires
the LoRa Discovery board) for LoRaWAN. Future work is to make the
underlying radio drivers using fully async SPI when communicating
with the peripheral.

11 files changed, 1742 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/embassy-lora/Cargo.toml b/embassy-lora/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..af0f25d5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/embassy-lora/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+[package]
+name = "embassy-lora"
+version = "0.1.0"
+authors = ["Ulf Lilleengen <[email protected]>"]
+edition = "2018"
+
+[lib]
+
+[features]
+sx127x = []
+stm32wl = ["embassy-stm32", "embassy-stm32/subghz"]
+time = []
+
+defmt-trace = []
+defmt-debug = []
+defmt-info = []
+defmt-warn = []
+defmt-error = []
+
+[dependencies]
+
+defmt = { version = "0.2.3", optional = true }
+log = { version = "0.4.14", optional = true }
+
+embassy = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy", default-features = false }
+embassy-stm32 = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-stm32", default-features = false, optional = true }
+embassy-hal-common = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../embassy-hal-common", default-features = false }
+futures = { version = "0.3.17", default-features = false, features = [ "async-await" ] }
+embedded-hal = { version = "0.2", features = ["unproven"] }
+bit_field = { version = "0.10" }
+
+lorawan-device = { git = "https://github.com/lulf/rust-lorawan.git", rev = "a373d06fa8858d251bc70d5789cebcd9a638ec42", default-features = false, features = ["async"] }
+lorawan-encoding = { git = "https://github.com/lulf/rust-lorawan.git", rev = "a373d06fa8858d251bc70d5789cebcd9a638ec42", default-features = false }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/embassy-lora/src/fmt.rs b/embassy-lora/src/fmt.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..066970813
--- /dev/null
+++ b/embassy-lora/src/fmt.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+#![macro_use]
+#![allow(unused_macros)]
+
+#[cfg(all(feature = "defmt", feature = "log"))]
+compile_error!("You may not enable both `defmt` and `log` features.");
+
+macro_rules! assert {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::assert!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::assert!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! assert_eq {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::assert_eq!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::assert_eq!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! assert_ne {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::assert_ne!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::assert_ne!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! debug_assert {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::debug_assert!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::debug_assert!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! debug_assert_eq {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::debug_assert_eq!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::debug_assert_eq!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! debug_assert_ne {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::debug_assert_ne!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::debug_assert_ne!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! todo {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::todo!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::todo!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! unreachable {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::unreachable!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::unreachable!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! panic {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+            ::core::panic!($($x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::panic!($($x)*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! trace {
+    ($s:literal $(, $x:expr)* $(,)?) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(feature = "log")]
+            ::log::trace!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::trace!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(not(any(feature = "log", feature="defmt")))]
+            let _ = ($( & $x ),*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! debug {
+    ($s:literal $(, $x:expr)* $(,)?) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(feature = "log")]
+            ::log::debug!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::debug!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(not(any(feature = "log", feature="defmt")))]
+            let _ = ($( & $x ),*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! info {
+    ($s:literal $(, $x:expr)* $(,)?) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(feature = "log")]
+            ::log::info!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::info!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(not(any(feature = "log", feature="defmt")))]
+            let _ = ($( & $x ),*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! warn {
+    ($s:literal $(, $x:expr)* $(,)?) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(feature = "log")]
+            ::log::warn!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::warn!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(not(any(feature = "log", feature="defmt")))]
+            let _ = ($( & $x ),*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! error {
+    ($s:literal $(, $x:expr)* $(,)?) => {
+        {
+            #[cfg(feature = "log")]
+            ::log::error!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+            ::defmt::error!($s $(, $x)*);
+            #[cfg(not(any(feature = "log", feature="defmt")))]
+            let _ = ($( & $x ),*);
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+macro_rules! unwrap {
+    ($($x:tt)*) => {
+        ::defmt::unwrap!($($x)*)
+    };
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(feature = "defmt"))]
+macro_rules! unwrap {
+    ($arg:expr) => {
+        match $crate::fmt::Try::into_result($arg) {
+            ::core::result::Result::Ok(t) => t,
+            ::core::result::Result::Err(e) => {
+                ::core::panic!("unwrap of `{}` failed: {:?}", ::core::stringify!($arg), e);
+            }
+        }
+    };
+    ($arg:expr, $($msg:expr),+ $(,)? ) => {
+        match $crate::fmt::Try::into_result($arg) {
+            ::core::result::Result::Ok(t) => t,
+            ::core::result::Result::Err(e) => {
+                ::core::panic!("unwrap of `{}` failed: {}: {:?}", ::core::stringify!($arg), ::core::format_args!($($msg,)*), e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct NoneError;
+
+pub trait Try {
+    type Ok;
+    type Error;
+    fn into_result(self) -> Result<Self::Ok, Self::Error>;
+}
+
+impl<T> Try for Option<T> {
+    type Ok = T;
+    type Error = NoneError;
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn into_result(self) -> Result<T, NoneError> {
+        self.ok_or(NoneError)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T, E> Try for Result<T, E> {
+    type Ok = T;
+    type Error = E;
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn into_result(self) -> Self {
+        self
+    }
+}
diff --git a/embassy-lora/src/lib.rs b/embassy-lora/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b2da22090
--- /dev/null
+++ b/embassy-lora/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#![no_std]
+#![feature(type_alias_impl_trait)]
+#![feature(generic_associated_types)]
+//! embassy-lora is a collection of async radio drivers that integrate with the lorawan-device
+//! crate's async LoRaWAN MAC implementation.
+
+pub(crate) mod fmt;
+
+#[cfg(feature = "stm32wl")]
+pub mod stm32wl;
+#[cfg(feature = "sx127x")]
+pub mod sx127x;
+
+/// A convenience timer to use with the LoRaWAN crate
+pub struct LoraTimer;
+
+#[cfg(feature = "time")]
+impl lorawan_device::async_device::radio::Timer for LoraTimer {
+    type DelayFuture<'m> = impl core::future::Future<Output = ()> + 'm;
+    fn delay_ms<'m>(&'m mut self, millis: u64) -> Self::DelayFuture<'m> {
+        embassy::time::Timer::after(embassy::time::Duration::from_millis(millis))
+    }
+}
diff --git a/embassy-lora/src/stm32wl/mod.rs b/embassy-lora/src/stm32wl/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8cac46f7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/embassy-lora/src/stm32wl/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,368 @@
+//! A radio driver integration for the radio found on STM32WL family devices.
+use core::future::Future;
+use core::mem::MaybeUninit;
+use embassy::channel::signal::Signal;
+use embassy::interrupt::InterruptExt;
+use embassy::util::Unborrow;
+use embassy_hal_common::unborrow;
+use embassy_stm32::{
+    dma::NoDma,
+    gpio::{AnyPin, Output},
+    interrupt::SUBGHZ_RADIO,
+    subghz::{
+        CalibrateImage, CfgIrq, CodingRate, HeaderType, Irq, LoRaBandwidth, LoRaModParams,
+        LoRaPacketParams, LoRaSyncWord, Ocp, PaConfig, PaSel, PacketType, RampTime, RegMode,
+        RfFreq, SpreadingFactor as SF, StandbyClk, Status, SubGhz, TcxoMode, TcxoTrim, Timeout,
+        TxParams,
+    },
+};
+use embedded_hal::digital::v2::OutputPin;
+use lorawan_device::async_device::{
+    radio::{Bandwidth, PhyRxTx, RfConfig, RxQuality, SpreadingFactor, TxConfig},
+    Timings,
+};
+
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
+pub enum State {
+    Idle,
+    Txing,
+    Rxing,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
+pub struct RadioError;
+
+static IRQ: Signal<(Status, u16)> = Signal::new();
+
+struct StateInner<'a> {
+    radio: SubGhz<'a, NoDma, NoDma>,
+    switch: RadioSwitch<'a>,
+}
+
+/// External state storage for the radio state
+pub struct SubGhzState<'a>(MaybeUninit<StateInner<'a>>);
+impl<'a> SubGhzState<'a> {
+    pub const fn new() -> Self {
+        Self(MaybeUninit::uninit())
+    }
+}
+
+/// The radio peripheral keeping the radio state and owning the radio IRQ.
+pub struct SubGhzRadio<'a> {
+    state: *mut StateInner<'a>,
+    _irq: SUBGHZ_RADIO,
+}
+
+impl<'a> SubGhzRadio<'a> {
+    /// Create a new instance of a SubGhz radio for LoRaWAN.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    /// Do not leak self or futures
+    pub unsafe fn new(
+        state: &'a mut SubGhzState<'a>,
+        radio: SubGhz<'a, NoDma, NoDma>,
+        switch: RadioSwitch<'a>,
+        irq: impl Unborrow<Target = SUBGHZ_RADIO>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        unborrow!(irq);
+
+        let mut inner = StateInner { radio, switch };
+        inner.radio.reset();
+
+        let state_ptr = state.0.as_mut_ptr();
+        state_ptr.write(inner);
+
+        irq.disable();
+        irq.set_handler(|p| {
+            // This is safe because we only get interrupts when configured for, so
+            // the radio will be awaiting on the signal at this point. If not, the ISR will
+            // anyway only adjust the state in the IRQ signal state.
+            let state = unsafe { &mut *(p as *mut StateInner<'a>) };
+            state.on_interrupt();
+        });
+        irq.set_handler_context(state_ptr as *mut ());
+        irq.enable();
+
+        Self {
+            state: state_ptr,
+            _irq: irq,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> StateInner<'a> {
+    /// Configure radio settings in preparation for TX or RX
+    pub(crate) fn configure(&mut self) -> Result<(), RadioError> {
+        trace!("Configuring STM32WL SUBGHZ radio");
+        self.radio.set_standby(StandbyClk::Rc)?;
+        let tcxo_mode = TcxoMode::new()
+            .set_txco_trim(TcxoTrim::Volts1pt7)
+            .set_timeout(Timeout::from_duration_sat(
+                core::time::Duration::from_millis(40),
+            ));
+
+        self.radio.set_tcxo_mode(&tcxo_mode)?;
+        self.radio.set_regulator_mode(RegMode::Ldo)?;
+
+        self.radio.calibrate_image(CalibrateImage::ISM_863_870)?;
+
+        self.radio.set_buffer_base_address(0, 0)?;
+
+        self.radio.set_pa_config(
+            &PaConfig::new()
+                .set_pa_duty_cycle(0x1)
+                .set_hp_max(0x0)
+                .set_pa(PaSel::Lp),
+        )?;
+
+        self.radio.set_pa_ocp(Ocp::Max140m)?;
+
+        //        let tx_params = TxParams::LP_14.set_ramp_time(RampTime::Micros40);
+        self.radio.set_tx_params(
+            &TxParams::new()
+                .set_ramp_time(RampTime::Micros40)
+                .set_power(0x0A),
+        )?;
+
+        self.radio.set_packet_type(PacketType::LoRa)?;
+        self.radio.set_lora_sync_word(LoRaSyncWord::Public)?;
+        trace!("Done initializing STM32WL SUBGHZ radio");
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Perform a transmission with the given parameters and payload. Returns any time adjustements needed form
+    /// the upcoming RX window start.
+    async fn do_tx(&mut self, config: TxConfig, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<u32, RadioError> {
+        //trace!("TX Request: {}", config);
+        trace!("TX START");
+        self.switch.set_tx_lp();
+        self.configure()?;
+
+        self.radio
+            .set_rf_frequency(&RfFreq::from_frequency(config.rf.frequency))?;
+
+        let mod_params = LoRaModParams::new()
+            .set_sf(convert_spreading_factor(config.rf.spreading_factor))
+            .set_bw(convert_bandwidth(config.rf.bandwidth))
+            .set_cr(CodingRate::Cr45)
+            .set_ldro_en(true);
+        self.radio.set_lora_mod_params(&mod_params)?;
+
+        let packet_params = LoRaPacketParams::new()
+            .set_preamble_len(8)
+            .set_header_type(HeaderType::Variable)
+            .set_payload_len(buf.len() as u8)
+            .set_crc_en(true)
+            .set_invert_iq(false);
+
+        self.radio.set_lora_packet_params(&packet_params)?;
+
+        let irq_cfg = CfgIrq::new()
+            .irq_enable_all(Irq::TxDone)
+            .irq_enable_all(Irq::RxDone)
+            .irq_enable_all(Irq::Timeout);
+        self.radio.set_irq_cfg(&irq_cfg)?;
+
+        self.radio.set_buffer_base_address(0, 0)?;
+        self.radio.write_buffer(0, buf)?;
+
+        self.radio.set_tx(Timeout::DISABLED)?;
+
+        loop {
+            let (_status, irq_status) = IRQ.wait().await;
+            IRQ.reset();
+
+            if irq_status & Irq::TxDone.mask() != 0 {
+                let stats = self.radio.lora_stats()?;
+                let (status, error_mask) = self.radio.op_error()?;
+                trace!(
+                    "TX done. Stats: {:?}. OP error: {:?}, mask {:?}",
+                    stats,
+                    status,
+                    error_mask
+                );
+
+                return Ok(0);
+            } else if irq_status & Irq::Timeout.mask() != 0 {
+                trace!("TX timeout");
+                return Err(RadioError);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Perform a radio receive operation with the radio config and receive buffer. The receive buffer must
+    /// be able to hold a single LoRaWAN packet.
+    async fn do_rx(
+        &mut self,
+        config: RfConfig,
+        buf: &mut [u8],
+    ) -> Result<(usize, RxQuality), RadioError> {
+        assert!(buf.len() >= 255);
+        trace!("RX START");
+        // trace!("Starting RX: {}", config);
+        self.switch.set_rx();
+        self.configure()?;
+
+        self.radio
+            .set_rf_frequency(&RfFreq::from_frequency(config.frequency))?;
+
+        let mod_params = LoRaModParams::new()
+            .set_sf(convert_spreading_factor(config.spreading_factor))
+            .set_bw(convert_bandwidth(config.bandwidth))
+            .set_cr(CodingRate::Cr45)
+            .set_ldro_en(true);
+        self.radio.set_lora_mod_params(&mod_params)?;
+
+        let packet_params = LoRaPacketParams::new()
+            .set_preamble_len(8)
+            .set_header_type(HeaderType::Variable)
+            .set_payload_len(0xFF)
+            .set_crc_en(true)
+            .set_invert_iq(true);
+        self.radio.set_lora_packet_params(&packet_params)?;
+
+        let irq_cfg = CfgIrq::new()
+            .irq_enable_all(Irq::RxDone)
+            .irq_enable_all(Irq::PreambleDetected)
+            .irq_enable_all(Irq::HeaderErr)
+            .irq_enable_all(Irq::Timeout)
+            .irq_enable_all(Irq::Err);
+        self.radio.set_irq_cfg(&irq_cfg)?;
+
+        self.radio.set_rx(Timeout::DISABLED)?;
+        trace!("RX started");
+
+        loop {
+            let (status, irq_status) = IRQ.wait().await;
+            IRQ.reset();
+            trace!("RX IRQ {:?}, {:?}", status, irq_status);
+            if irq_status & Irq::RxDone.mask() != 0 {
+                let (status, len, ptr) = self.radio.rx_buffer_status()?;
+
+                let packet_status = self.radio.lora_packet_status()?;
+                let rssi = packet_status.rssi_pkt().to_integer();
+                let snr = packet_status.snr_pkt().to_integer();
+                trace!(
+                    "RX done. Received {} bytes. RX status: {:?}. Pkt status: {:?}",
+                    len,
+                    status.cmd(),
+                    packet_status,
+                );
+                self.radio.read_buffer(ptr, &mut buf[..len as usize])?;
+                self.radio.set_standby(StandbyClk::Rc)?;
+                return Ok((len as usize, RxQuality::new(rssi, snr as i8)));
+            } else if irq_status & (Irq::Timeout.mask() | Irq::TxDone.mask()) != 0 {
+                return Err(RadioError);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Read interrupt status and store in global signal
+    fn on_interrupt(&mut self) {
+        let (status, irq_status) = self.radio.irq_status().expect("error getting irq status");
+        self.radio
+            .clear_irq_status(irq_status)
+            .expect("error clearing irq status");
+        if irq_status & Irq::PreambleDetected.mask() != 0 {
+            trace!("Preamble detected, ignoring");
+        } else {
+            IRQ.signal((status, irq_status));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl PhyRxTx for SubGhzRadio<'static> {
+    type PhyError = RadioError;
+
+    type TxFuture<'m> = impl Future<Output = Result<u32, Self::PhyError>> + 'm;
+    fn tx<'m>(&'m mut self, config: TxConfig, buf: &'m [u8]) -> Self::TxFuture<'m> {
+        async move {
+            let inner = unsafe { &mut *self.state };
+            inner.do_tx(config, buf).await
+        }
+    }
+
+    type RxFuture<'m> = impl Future<Output = Result<(usize, RxQuality), Self::PhyError>> + 'm;
+    fn rx<'m>(&'m mut self, config: RfConfig, buf: &'m mut [u8]) -> Self::RxFuture<'m> {
+        async move {
+            let inner = unsafe { &mut *self.state };
+            inner.do_rx(config, buf).await
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> From<embassy_stm32::spi::Error> for RadioError {
+    fn from(_: embassy_stm32::spi::Error) -> Self {
+        RadioError
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> Timings for SubGhzRadio<'a> {
+    fn get_rx_window_offset_ms(&self) -> i32 {
+        -200
+    }
+    fn get_rx_window_duration_ms(&self) -> u32 {
+        800
+    }
+}
+
+/// Represents the radio switch found on STM32WL based boards, used to control the radio for transmission or reception.
+pub struct RadioSwitch<'a> {
+    ctrl1: Output<'a, AnyPin>,
+    ctrl2: Output<'a, AnyPin>,
+    ctrl3: Output<'a, AnyPin>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> RadioSwitch<'a> {
+    pub fn new(
+        ctrl1: Output<'a, AnyPin>,
+        ctrl2: Output<'a, AnyPin>,
+        ctrl3: Output<'a, AnyPin>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            ctrl1,
+            ctrl2,
+            ctrl3,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn set_rx(&mut self) {
+        self.ctrl1.set_high().unwrap();
+        self.ctrl2.set_low().unwrap();
+        self.ctrl3.set_high().unwrap();
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn set_tx_lp(&mut self) {
+        self.ctrl1.set_high().unwrap();
+        self.ctrl2.set_high().unwrap();
+        self.ctrl3.set_high().unwrap();
+    }
+
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    pub(crate) fn set_tx_hp(&mut self) {
+        self.ctrl2.set_high().unwrap();
+        self.ctrl1.set_low().unwrap();
+        self.ctrl3.set_high().unwrap();
+    }
+}
+
+fn convert_spreading_factor(sf: SpreadingFactor) -> SF {
+    match sf {
+        SpreadingFactor::_7 => SF::Sf7,
+        SpreadingFactor::_8 => SF::Sf8,
+        SpreadingFactor::_9 => SF::Sf9,
+        SpreadingFactor::_10 => SF::Sf10,
+        SpreadingFactor::_11 => SF::Sf11,
+        SpreadingFactor::_12 => SF::Sf12,
+    }
+}
+
+fn convert_bandwidth(bw: Bandwidth) -> LoRaBandwidth {
+    match bw {
+        Bandwidth::_125KHz => LoRaBandwidth::Bw125,
+        Bandwidth::_250KHz => LoRaBandwidth::Bw250,
+        Bandwidth::_500KHz => LoRaBandwidth::Bw500,
+    }
+}
diff --git a/embassy-lora/src/sx127x/mod.rs b/embassy-lora/src/sx127x/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a9736b85f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/embassy-lora/src/sx127x/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+use core::future::Future;
+use embassy::traits::gpio::WaitForRisingEdge;
+use embedded_hal::blocking::delay::DelayMs;
+use embedded_hal::blocking::spi::{Transfer, Write};
+use embedded_hal::digital::v2::OutputPin;
+use lorawan_device::async_device::{
+    radio::{Bandwidth, PhyRxTx, RfConfig, RxQuality, SpreadingFactor, TxConfig},
+    Timings,
+};
+
+mod sx127x_lora;
+use sx127x_lora::{Error as RadioError, LoRa, RadioMode, IRQ};
+
+/// Trait representing a radio switch for boards using the Sx127x radio. One some
+/// boards, this will be a dummy implementation that does nothing.
+pub trait RadioSwitch {
+    fn set_tx(&mut self);
+    fn set_rx(&mut self);
+}
+
+/// Semtech Sx127x radio peripheral
+pub struct Sx127xRadio<SPI, CS, RESET, E, I, RFS>
+where
+    SPI: Transfer<u8, Error = E> + Write<u8, Error = E> + 'static,
+    E: 'static,
+    CS: OutputPin + 'static,
+    RESET: OutputPin + 'static,
+    I: WaitForRisingEdge + 'static,
+    RFS: RadioSwitch + 'static,
+{
+    radio: LoRa<SPI, CS, RESET>,
+    rfs: RFS,
+    irq: I,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
+pub enum State {
+    Idle,
+    Txing,
+    Rxing,
+}
+
+impl<SPI, CS, RESET, E, I, RFS> Sx127xRadio<SPI, CS, RESET, E, I, RFS>
+where
+    SPI: Transfer<u8, Error = E> + Write<u8, Error = E> + 'static,
+    CS: OutputPin + 'static,
+    RESET: OutputPin + 'static,
+    I: WaitForRisingEdge + 'static,
+    RFS: RadioSwitch + 'static,
+{
+    pub fn new<D: DelayMs<u32>>(
+        spi: SPI,
+        cs: CS,
+        reset: RESET,
+        irq: I,
+        rfs: RFS,
+        d: &mut D,
+    ) -> Result<Self, RadioError<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        let mut radio = LoRa::new(spi, cs, reset);
+        radio.reset(d)?;
+        Ok(Self { radio, irq, rfs })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<SPI, CS, RESET, E, I, RFS> Timings for Sx127xRadio<SPI, CS, RESET, E, I, RFS>
+where
+    SPI: Transfer<u8, Error = E> + Write<u8, Error = E> + 'static,
+    CS: OutputPin + 'static,
+    RESET: OutputPin + 'static,
+    I: WaitForRisingEdge + 'static,
+    RFS: RadioSwitch + 'static,
+{
+    fn get_rx_window_offset_ms(&self) -> i32 {
+        -500
+    }
+    fn get_rx_window_duration_ms(&self) -> u32 {
+        800
+    }
+}
+
+impl<SPI, CS, RESET, E, I, RFS> PhyRxTx for Sx127xRadio<SPI, CS, RESET, E, I, RFS>
+where
+    SPI: Transfer<u8, Error = E> + Write<u8, Error = E> + 'static,
+    CS: OutputPin + 'static,
+    E: 'static,
+    RESET: OutputPin + 'static,
+    I: WaitForRisingEdge + 'static,
+    RFS: RadioSwitch + 'static,
+{
+    type PhyError = Sx127xError;
+
+    #[rustfmt::skip]
+    type TxFuture<'m> where SPI: 'm, CS: 'm, RESET: 'm, E: 'm, I: 'm, RFS: 'm = impl Future<Output = Result<u32, Self::PhyError>> + 'm;
+
+    fn tx<'m>(&'m mut self, config: TxConfig, buf: &'m [u8]) -> Self::TxFuture<'m> {
+        trace!("TX START");
+        async move {
+            self.rfs.set_tx();
+            self.radio.set_tx_power(14, 0)?;
+            self.radio.set_frequency(config.rf.frequency)?;
+            // TODO: Modify radio to support other coding rates
+            self.radio.set_coding_rate_4(5)?;
+            self.radio
+                .set_signal_bandwidth(bandwidth_to_i64(config.rf.bandwidth))?;
+            self.radio
+                .set_spreading_factor(spreading_factor_to_u8(config.rf.spreading_factor))?;
+
+            self.radio.set_preamble_length(8)?;
+            self.radio.set_lora_pa_ramp()?;
+            self.radio.set_lora_sync_word()?;
+            self.radio.set_invert_iq(false)?;
+            self.radio.set_crc(true)?;
+
+            self.radio.set_dio0_tx_done()?;
+            self.radio.transmit_payload(buf)?;
+
+            loop {
+                self.irq.wait_for_rising_edge().await;
+                self.radio.set_mode(RadioMode::Stdby).ok().unwrap();
+                let irq = self.radio.clear_irq().ok().unwrap();
+                if (irq & IRQ::IrqTxDoneMask.addr()) != 0 {
+                    trace!("TX DONE");
+                    return Ok(0);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[rustfmt::skip]
+    type RxFuture<'m> where SPI: 'm, CS: 'm, RESET: 'm, E: 'm, I: 'm, RFS: 'm = impl Future<Output = Result<(usize, RxQuality), Self::PhyError>> + 'm;
+
+    fn rx<'m>(&'m mut self, config: RfConfig, buf: &'m mut [u8]) -> Self::RxFuture<'m> {
+        trace!("RX START");
+        async move {
+            self.rfs.set_rx();
+            self.radio.reset_payload_length()?;
+            self.radio.set_frequency(config.frequency)?;
+            // TODO: Modify radio to support other coding rates
+            self.radio.set_coding_rate_4(5)?;
+            self.radio
+                .set_signal_bandwidth(bandwidth_to_i64(config.bandwidth))?;
+            self.radio
+                .set_spreading_factor(spreading_factor_to_u8(config.spreading_factor))?;
+
+            self.radio.set_preamble_length(8)?;
+            self.radio.set_lora_sync_word()?;
+            self.radio.set_invert_iq(true)?;
+            self.radio.set_crc(true)?;
+
+            self.radio.set_dio0_rx_done()?;
+            self.radio.set_mode(RadioMode::RxContinuous)?;
+
+            loop {
+                self.irq.wait_for_rising_edge().await;
+                self.radio.set_mode(RadioMode::Stdby).ok().unwrap();
+                let irq = self.radio.clear_irq().ok().unwrap();
+                if (irq & IRQ::IrqRxDoneMask.addr()) != 0 {
+                    let rssi = self.radio.get_packet_rssi().unwrap_or(0) as i16;
+                    let snr = self.radio.get_packet_snr().unwrap_or(0.0) as i8;
+                    let response = if let Ok(size) = self.radio.read_packet_size() {
+                        self.radio.read_packet(buf)?;
+                        Ok((size, RxQuality::new(rssi, snr)))
+                    } else {
+                        Ok((0, RxQuality::new(rssi, snr)))
+                    };
+                    trace!("RX DONE");
+                    return response;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
+pub struct Sx127xError;
+
+impl<A, B, C> From<sx127x_lora::Error<A, B, C>> for Sx127xError {
+    fn from(_: sx127x_lora::Error<A, B, C>) -> Self {
+        Sx127xError
+    }
+}
+
+fn spreading_factor_to_u8(sf: SpreadingFactor) -> u8 {
+    match sf {
+        SpreadingFactor::_7 => 7,
+        SpreadingFactor::_8 => 8,
+        SpreadingFactor::_9 => 9,
+        SpreadingFactor::_10 => 10,
+        SpreadingFactor::_11 => 11,
+        SpreadingFactor::_12 => 12,
+    }
+}
+
+fn bandwidth_to_i64(bw: Bandwidth) -> i64 {
+    match bw {
+        Bandwidth::_125KHz => 125_000,
+        Bandwidth::_250KHz => 250_000,
+        Bandwidth::_500KHz => 500_000,
+    }
+}
diff --git a/embassy-lora/src/sx127x/sx127x_lora/mod.rs b/embassy-lora/src/sx127x/sx127x_lora/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c541815fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/embassy-lora/src/sx127x/sx127x_lora/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,593 @@
+// Copyright Charles Wade (https://github.com/mr-glt/sx127x_lora). Licensed under the Apache 2.0
+// license
+//
+// Modifications made to make the driver work with the rust-lorawan link layer.
+
+#![allow(dead_code)]
+
+use bit_field::BitField;
+use embedded_hal::blocking::{
+    delay::DelayMs,
+    spi::{Transfer, Write},
+};
+use embedded_hal::digital::v2::OutputPin;
+use embedded_hal::spi::{Mode, Phase, Polarity};
+
+mod register;
+use self::register::PaConfig;
+use self::register::Register;
+pub use self::register::IRQ;
+
+/// Provides the necessary SPI mode configuration for the radio
+pub const MODE: Mode = Mode {
+    phase: Phase::CaptureOnSecondTransition,
+    polarity: Polarity::IdleHigh,
+};
+
+/// Provides high-level access to Semtech SX1276/77/78/79 based boards connected to a Raspberry Pi
+pub struct LoRa<SPI, CS, RESET> {
+    spi: SPI,
+    cs: CS,
+    reset: RESET,
+    pub explicit_header: bool,
+    pub mode: RadioMode,
+}
+
+#[allow(clippy::upper_case_acronyms)]
+#[derive(Debug)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
+pub enum Error<SPI, CS, RESET> {
+    Uninformative,
+    VersionMismatch(u8),
+    CS(CS),
+    Reset(RESET),
+    SPI(SPI),
+    Transmitting,
+}
+
+use super::sx127x_lora::register::{FskDataModulationShaping, FskRampUpRamDown};
+use Error::*;
+
+#[cfg(not(feature = "version_0x09"))]
+const VERSION_CHECK: u8 = 0x12;
+
+#[cfg(feature = "version_0x09")]
+const VERSION_CHECK: u8 = 0x09;
+
+impl<SPI, CS, RESET, E> LoRa<SPI, CS, RESET>
+where
+    SPI: Transfer<u8, Error = E> + Write<u8, Error = E>,
+    CS: OutputPin,
+    RESET: OutputPin,
+{
+    /// Builds and returns a new instance of the radio. Only one instance of the radio should exist at a time.
+    /// This also preforms a hardware reset of the module and then puts it in standby.
+    pub fn new(spi: SPI, cs: CS, reset: RESET) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            spi,
+            cs,
+            reset,
+            explicit_header: true,
+            mode: RadioMode::Sleep,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn reset<D: DelayMs<u32>>(
+        &mut self,
+        d: &mut D,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        self.reset.set_low().map_err(Reset)?;
+        d.delay_ms(10_u32);
+        self.reset.set_high().map_err(Reset)?;
+        d.delay_ms(10_u32);
+        let version = self.read_register(Register::RegVersion.addr())?;
+        if version == VERSION_CHECK {
+            self.set_mode(RadioMode::Sleep)?;
+            self.write_register(Register::RegFifoTxBaseAddr.addr(), 0)?;
+            self.write_register(Register::RegFifoRxBaseAddr.addr(), 0)?;
+            let lna = self.read_register(Register::RegLna.addr())?;
+            self.write_register(Register::RegLna.addr(), lna | 0x03)?;
+            self.write_register(Register::RegModemConfig3.addr(), 0x04)?;
+            self.set_tcxo(true)?;
+            self.set_mode(RadioMode::Stdby)?;
+            self.cs.set_high().map_err(CS)?;
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            Err(Error::VersionMismatch(version))
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Transmits up to 255 bytes of data. To avoid the use of an allocator, this takes a fixed 255 u8
+    /// array and a payload size and returns the number of bytes sent if successful.
+    pub fn transmit_payload_busy(
+        &mut self,
+        buffer: [u8; 255],
+        payload_size: usize,
+    ) -> Result<usize, Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        if self.transmitting()? {
+            Err(Transmitting)
+        } else {
+            self.set_mode(RadioMode::Stdby)?;
+            if self.explicit_header {
+                self.set_explicit_header_mode()?;
+            } else {
+                self.set_implicit_header_mode()?;
+            }
+
+            self.write_register(Register::RegIrqFlags.addr(), 0)?;
+            self.write_register(Register::RegFifoAddrPtr.addr(), 0)?;
+            self.write_register(Register::RegPayloadLength.addr(), 0)?;
+            for byte in buffer.iter().take(payload_size) {
+                self.write_register(Register::RegFifo.addr(), *byte)?;
+            }
+            self.write_register(Register::RegPayloadLength.addr(), payload_size as u8)?;
+            self.set_mode(RadioMode::Tx)?;
+            while self.transmitting()? {}
+            Ok(payload_size)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_dio0_tx_done(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        self.write_register(Register::RegIrqFlagsMask.addr(), 0b1111_0111)?;
+        let mapping = self.read_register(Register::RegDioMapping1.addr())?;
+        self.write_register(Register::RegDioMapping1.addr(), (mapping & 0x3F) | 0x40)
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_dio0_rx_done(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        self.write_register(Register::RegIrqFlagsMask.addr(), 0b0001_1111)?;
+        let mapping = self.read_register(Register::RegDioMapping1.addr())?;
+        self.write_register(Register::RegDioMapping1.addr(), mapping & 0x3F)
+    }
+
+    pub fn transmit_payload(
+        &mut self,
+        buffer: &[u8],
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        assert!(buffer.len() < 255);
+        if self.transmitting()? {
+            Err(Transmitting)
+        } else {
+            self.set_mode(RadioMode::Stdby)?;
+            if self.explicit_header {
+                self.set_explicit_header_mode()?;
+            } else {
+                self.set_implicit_header_mode()?;
+            }
+
+            self.write_register(Register::RegIrqFlags.addr(), 0)?;
+            self.write_register(Register::RegFifoAddrPtr.addr(), 0)?;
+            self.write_register(Register::RegPayloadLength.addr(), 0)?;
+            for byte in buffer.iter() {
+                self.write_register(Register::RegFifo.addr(), *byte)?;
+            }
+            self.write_register(Register::RegPayloadLength.addr(), buffer.len() as u8)?;
+            self.set_mode(RadioMode::Tx)?;
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn packet_ready(&mut self) -> Result<bool, Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        Ok(self.read_register(Register::RegIrqFlags.addr())?.get_bit(6))
+    }
+
+    pub fn irq_flags_mask(&mut self) -> Result<u8, Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        Ok(self.read_register(Register::RegIrqFlagsMask.addr())? as u8)
+    }
+
+    pub fn irq_flags(&mut self) -> Result<u8, Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        Ok(self.read_register(Register::RegIrqFlags.addr())? as u8)
+    }
+
+    pub fn read_packet_size(&mut self) -> Result<usize, Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        let size = self.read_register(Register::RegRxNbBytes.addr())?;
+        Ok(size as usize)
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the contents of the fifo as a fixed 255 u8 array. This should only be called is there is a
+    /// new packet ready to be read.
+    pub fn read_packet(
+        &mut self,
+        buffer: &mut [u8],
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        self.clear_irq()?;
+        let size = self.read_register(Register::RegRxNbBytes.addr())?;
+        assert!(size as usize <= buffer.len());
+        let fifo_addr = self.read_register(Register::RegFifoRxCurrentAddr.addr())?;
+        self.write_register(Register::RegFifoAddrPtr.addr(), fifo_addr)?;
+        for i in 0..size {
+            let byte = self.read_register(Register::RegFifo.addr())?;
+            buffer[i as usize] = byte;
+        }
+        self.write_register(Register::RegFifoAddrPtr.addr(), 0)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Returns true if the radio is currently transmitting a packet.
+    pub fn transmitting(&mut self) -> Result<bool, Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        if (self.read_register(Register::RegOpMode.addr())? & RadioMode::Tx.addr())
+            == RadioMode::Tx.addr()
+        {
+            Ok(true)
+        } else {
+            if (self.read_register(Register::RegIrqFlags.addr())? & IRQ::IrqTxDoneMask.addr()) == 1
+            {
+                self.write_register(Register::RegIrqFlags.addr(), IRQ::IrqTxDoneMask.addr())?;
+            }
+            Ok(false)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Clears the radio's IRQ registers.
+    pub fn clear_irq(&mut self) -> Result<u8, Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        let irq_flags = self.read_register(Register::RegIrqFlags.addr())?;
+        self.write_register(Register::RegIrqFlags.addr(), 0xFF)?;
+        Ok(irq_flags)
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the transmit power and pin. Levels can range from 0-14 when the output
+    /// pin = 0(RFO), and form 0-20 when output pin = 1(PaBoost). Power is in dB.
+    /// Default value is `17`.
+    pub fn set_tx_power(
+        &mut self,
+        mut level: i32,
+        output_pin: u8,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        if PaConfig::PaOutputRfoPin.addr() == output_pin {
+            // RFO
+            if level < 0 {
+                level = 0;
+            } else if level > 14 {
+                level = 14;
+            }
+            self.write_register(Register::RegPaConfig.addr(), (0x70 | level) as u8)
+        } else {
+            // PA BOOST
+            if level > 17 {
+                if level > 20 {
+                    level = 20;
+                }
+                // subtract 3 from level, so 18 - 20 maps to 15 - 17
+                level -= 3;
+
+                // High Power +20 dBm Operation (Semtech SX1276/77/78/79 5.4.3.)
+                self.write_register(Register::RegPaDac.addr(), 0x87)?;
+                self.set_ocp(140)?;
+            } else {
+                if level < 2 {
+                    level = 2;
+                }
+                //Default value PA_HF/LF or +17dBm
+                self.write_register(Register::RegPaDac.addr(), 0x84)?;
+                self.set_ocp(100)?;
+            }
+            level -= 2;
+            self.write_register(
+                Register::RegPaConfig.addr(),
+                PaConfig::PaBoost.addr() | level as u8,
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_modem_stat(&mut self) -> Result<u8, Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        Ok(self.read_register(Register::RegModemStat.addr())? as u8)
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the over current protection on the radio(mA).
+    pub fn set_ocp(&mut self, ma: u8) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        let mut ocp_trim: u8 = 27;
+
+        if ma <= 120 {
+            ocp_trim = (ma - 45) / 5;
+        } else if ma <= 240 {
+            ocp_trim = (ma + 30) / 10;
+        }
+        self.write_register(Register::RegOcp.addr(), 0x20 | (0x1F & ocp_trim))
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the state of the radio. Default mode after initiation is `Standby`.
+    pub fn set_mode(&mut self, mode: RadioMode) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        if self.explicit_header {
+            self.set_explicit_header_mode()?;
+        } else {
+            self.set_implicit_header_mode()?;
+        }
+        self.write_register(
+            Register::RegOpMode.addr(),
+            RadioMode::LongRangeMode.addr() | mode.addr(),
+        )?;
+
+        self.mode = mode;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn reset_payload_length(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        self.write_register(Register::RegPayloadLength.addr(), 0xFF)
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the frequency of the radio. Values are in megahertz.
+    /// I.E. 915 MHz must be used for North America. Check regulation for your area.
+    pub fn set_frequency(&mut self, freq: u32) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        const FREQ_STEP: f64 = 61.03515625;
+        // calculate register values
+        let frf = (freq as f64 / FREQ_STEP) as u32;
+        // write registers
+        self.write_register(
+            Register::RegFrfMsb.addr(),
+            ((frf & 0x00FF_0000) >> 16) as u8,
+        )?;
+        self.write_register(Register::RegFrfMid.addr(), ((frf & 0x0000_FF00) >> 8) as u8)?;
+        self.write_register(Register::RegFrfLsb.addr(), (frf & 0x0000_00FF) as u8)
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the radio to use an explicit header. Default state is `ON`.
+    fn set_explicit_header_mode(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        let reg_modem_config_1 = self.read_register(Register::RegModemConfig1.addr())?;
+        self.write_register(Register::RegModemConfig1.addr(), reg_modem_config_1 & 0xfe)?;
+        self.explicit_header = true;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the radio to use an implicit header. Default state is `OFF`.
+    fn set_implicit_header_mode(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        let reg_modem_config_1 = self.read_register(Register::RegModemConfig1.addr())?;
+        self.write_register(Register::RegModemConfig1.addr(), reg_modem_config_1 & 0x01)?;
+        self.explicit_header = false;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the spreading factor of the radio. Supported values are between 6 and 12.
+    /// If a spreading factor of 6 is set, implicit header mode must be used to transmit
+    /// and receive packets. Default value is `7`.
+    pub fn set_spreading_factor(
+        &mut self,
+        mut sf: u8,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        if sf < 6 {
+            sf = 6;
+        } else if sf > 12 {
+            sf = 12;
+        }
+
+        if sf == 6 {
+            self.write_register(Register::RegDetectionOptimize.addr(), 0xc5)?;
+            self.write_register(Register::RegDetectionThreshold.addr(), 0x0c)?;
+        } else {
+            self.write_register(Register::RegDetectionOptimize.addr(), 0xc3)?;
+            self.write_register(Register::RegDetectionThreshold.addr(), 0x0a)?;
+        }
+        let modem_config_2 = self.read_register(Register::RegModemConfig2.addr())?;
+        self.write_register(
+            Register::RegModemConfig2.addr(),
+            (modem_config_2 & 0x0f) | ((sf << 4) & 0xf0),
+        )?;
+        self.set_ldo_flag()?;
+
+        self.write_register(Register::RegSymbTimeoutLsb.addr(), 0x05)?;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_tcxo(&mut self, external: bool) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        if external {
+            self.write_register(Register::RegTcxo.addr(), 0x10)
+        } else {
+            self.write_register(Register::RegTcxo.addr(), 0x00)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the signal bandwidth of the radio. Supported values are: `7800 Hz`, `10400 Hz`,
+    /// `15600 Hz`, `20800 Hz`, `31250 Hz`,`41700 Hz` ,`62500 Hz`,`125000 Hz` and `250000 Hz`
+    /// Default value is `125000 Hz`
+    pub fn set_signal_bandwidth(
+        &mut self,
+        sbw: i64,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        let bw: i64 = match sbw {
+            7_800 => 0,
+            10_400 => 1,
+            15_600 => 2,
+            20_800 => 3,
+            31_250 => 4,
+            41_700 => 5,
+            62_500 => 6,
+            125_000 => 7,
+            250_000 => 8,
+            _ => 9,
+        };
+        let modem_config_1 = self.read_register(Register::RegModemConfig1.addr())?;
+        self.write_register(
+            Register::RegModemConfig1.addr(),
+            (modem_config_1 & 0x0f) | ((bw << 4) as u8),
+        )?;
+        self.set_ldo_flag()?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the coding rate of the radio with the numerator fixed at 4. Supported values
+    /// are between `5` and `8`, these correspond to coding rates of `4/5` and `4/8`.
+    /// Default value is `5`.
+    pub fn set_coding_rate_4(
+        &mut self,
+        mut denominator: u8,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        if denominator < 5 {
+            denominator = 5;
+        } else if denominator > 8 {
+            denominator = 8;
+        }
+        let cr = denominator - 4;
+        let modem_config_1 = self.read_register(Register::RegModemConfig1.addr())?;
+        self.write_register(
+            Register::RegModemConfig1.addr(),
+            (modem_config_1 & 0xf1) | (cr << 1),
+        )
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the preamble length of the radio. Values are between 6 and 65535.
+    /// Default value is `8`.
+    pub fn set_preamble_length(
+        &mut self,
+        length: i64,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        self.write_register(Register::RegPreambleMsb.addr(), (length >> 8) as u8)?;
+        self.write_register(Register::RegPreambleLsb.addr(), length as u8)
+    }
+
+    /// Enables are disables the radio's CRC check. Default value is `false`.
+    pub fn set_crc(&mut self, value: bool) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        let modem_config_2 = self.read_register(Register::RegModemConfig2.addr())?;
+        if value {
+            self.write_register(Register::RegModemConfig2.addr(), modem_config_2 | 0x04)
+        } else {
+            self.write_register(Register::RegModemConfig2.addr(), modem_config_2 & 0xfb)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Inverts the radio's IQ signals. Default value is `false`.
+    pub fn set_invert_iq(&mut self, value: bool) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        if value {
+            self.write_register(Register::RegInvertiq.addr(), 0x66)?;
+            self.write_register(Register::RegInvertiq2.addr(), 0x19)
+        } else {
+            self.write_register(Register::RegInvertiq.addr(), 0x27)?;
+            self.write_register(Register::RegInvertiq2.addr(), 0x1d)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the spreading factor of the radio.
+    pub fn get_spreading_factor(&mut self) -> Result<u8, Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        Ok(self.read_register(Register::RegModemConfig2.addr())? >> 4)
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the signal bandwidth of the radio.
+    pub fn get_signal_bandwidth(&mut self) -> Result<i64, Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        let bw = self.read_register(Register::RegModemConfig1.addr())? >> 4;
+        let bw = match bw {
+            0 => 7_800,
+            1 => 10_400,
+            2 => 15_600,
+            3 => 20_800,
+            4 => 31_250,
+            5 => 41_700,
+            6 => 62_500,
+            7 => 125_000,
+            8 => 250_000,
+            9 => 500_000,
+            _ => -1,
+        };
+        Ok(bw)
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the RSSI of the last received packet.
+    pub fn get_packet_rssi(&mut self) -> Result<i32, Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        Ok(i32::from(self.read_register(Register::RegPktRssiValue.addr())?) - 157)
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the signal to noise radio of the the last received packet.
+    pub fn get_packet_snr(&mut self) -> Result<f64, Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        Ok(f64::from(
+            self.read_register(Register::RegPktSnrValue.addr())?,
+        ))
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the frequency error of the last received packet in Hz.
+    pub fn get_packet_frequency_error(&mut self) -> Result<i64, Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        let mut freq_error: i32;
+        freq_error = i32::from(self.read_register(Register::RegFreqErrorMsb.addr())? & 0x7);
+        freq_error <<= 8i64;
+        freq_error += i32::from(self.read_register(Register::RegFreqErrorMid.addr())?);
+        freq_error <<= 8i64;
+        freq_error += i32::from(self.read_register(Register::RegFreqErrorLsb.addr())?);
+
+        let f_xtal = 32_000_000; // FXOSC: crystal oscillator (XTAL) frequency (2.5. Chip Specification, p. 14)
+        let f_error = ((f64::from(freq_error) * (1i64 << 24) as f64) / f64::from(f_xtal))
+            * (self.get_signal_bandwidth()? as f64 / 500_000.0f64); // p. 37
+        Ok(f_error as i64)
+    }
+
+    fn set_ldo_flag(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        let sw = self.get_signal_bandwidth()?;
+        // Section 4.1.1.5
+        let symbol_duration = 1000 / (sw / ((1_i64) << self.get_spreading_factor()?));
+
+        // Section 4.1.1.6
+        let ldo_on = symbol_duration > 16;
+
+        let mut config_3 = self.read_register(Register::RegModemConfig3.addr())?;
+        config_3.set_bit(3, ldo_on);
+        //config_3.set_bit(2, true);
+        self.write_register(Register::RegModemConfig3.addr(), config_3)
+    }
+
+    fn read_register(&mut self, reg: u8) -> Result<u8, Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        self.cs.set_low().map_err(CS)?;
+
+        let mut buffer = [reg & 0x7f, 0];
+        let transfer = self.spi.transfer(&mut buffer).map_err(SPI)?;
+        self.cs.set_high().map_err(CS)?;
+        Ok(transfer[1])
+    }
+
+    fn write_register(
+        &mut self,
+        reg: u8,
+        byte: u8,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        self.cs.set_low().map_err(CS)?;
+
+        let buffer = [reg | 0x80, byte];
+        self.spi.write(&buffer).map_err(SPI)?;
+        self.cs.set_high().map_err(CS)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn put_in_fsk_mode(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        // Put in FSK mode
+        let mut op_mode = 0;
+        op_mode
+            .set_bit(7, false) // FSK mode
+            .set_bits(5..6, 0x00) // FSK modulation
+            .set_bit(3, false) //Low freq registers
+            .set_bits(0..2, 0b011); // Mode
+
+        self.write_register(Register::RegOpMode as u8, op_mode)
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_fsk_pa_ramp(
+        &mut self,
+        modulation_shaping: FskDataModulationShaping,
+        ramp: FskRampUpRamDown,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        let mut pa_ramp = 0;
+        pa_ramp
+            .set_bits(5..6, modulation_shaping as u8)
+            .set_bits(0..3, ramp as u8);
+
+        self.write_register(Register::RegPaRamp as u8, pa_ramp)
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_lora_pa_ramp(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        self.write_register(Register::RegPaRamp as u8, 0b1000)
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_lora_sync_word(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error<E, CS::Error, RESET::Error>> {
+        self.write_register(Register::RegSyncWord as u8, 0x34)
+    }
+}
+/// Modes of the radio and their corresponding register values.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum RadioMode {
+    LongRangeMode = 0x80,
+    Sleep = 0x00,
+    Stdby = 0x01,
+    Tx = 0x03,
+    RxContinuous = 0x05,
+    RxSingle = 0x06,
+}
+
+impl RadioMode {
+    /// Returns the address of the mode.
+    pub fn addr(self) -> u8 {
+        self as u8
+    }
+}
diff --git a/embassy-lora/src/sx127x/sx127x_lora/register.rs b/embassy-lora/src/sx127x/sx127x_lora/register.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2445e21b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/embassy-lora/src/sx127x/sx127x_lora/register.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+// Copyright Charles Wade (https://github.com/mr-glt/sx127x_lora). Licensed under the Apache 2.0
+// license
+//
+// Modifications made to make the driver work with the rust-lorawan link layer.
+#![allow(dead_code, clippy::enum_variant_names)]
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum Register {
+    RegFifo = 0x00,
+    RegOpMode = 0x01,
+    RegFrfMsb = 0x06,
+    RegFrfMid = 0x07,
+    RegFrfLsb = 0x08,
+    RegPaConfig = 0x09,
+    RegPaRamp = 0x0a,
+    RegOcp = 0x0b,
+    RegLna = 0x0c,
+    RegFifoAddrPtr = 0x0d,
+    RegFifoTxBaseAddr = 0x0e,
+    RegFifoRxBaseAddr = 0x0f,
+    RegFifoRxCurrentAddr = 0x10,
+    RegIrqFlagsMask = 0x11,
+    RegIrqFlags = 0x12,
+    RegRxNbBytes = 0x13,
+    RegPktSnrValue = 0x19,
+    RegModemStat = 0x18,
+    RegPktRssiValue = 0x1a,
+    RegModemConfig1 = 0x1d,
+    RegModemConfig2 = 0x1e,
+    RegSymbTimeoutLsb = 0x1f,
+    RegPreambleMsb = 0x20,
+    RegPreambleLsb = 0x21,
+    RegPayloadLength = 0x22,
+    RegMaxPayloadLength = 0x23,
+    RegModemConfig3 = 0x26,
+    RegFreqErrorMsb = 0x28,
+    RegFreqErrorMid = 0x29,
+    RegFreqErrorLsb = 0x2a,
+    RegRssiWideband = 0x2c,
+    RegDetectionOptimize = 0x31,
+    RegInvertiq = 0x33,
+    RegDetectionThreshold = 0x37,
+    RegSyncWord = 0x39,
+    RegInvertiq2 = 0x3b,
+    RegDioMapping1 = 0x40,
+    RegVersion = 0x42,
+    RegTcxo = 0x4b,
+    RegPaDac = 0x4d,
+}
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum PaConfig {
+    PaBoost = 0x80,
+    PaOutputRfoPin = 0,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum IRQ {
+    IrqTxDoneMask = 0x08,
+    IrqPayloadCrcErrorMask = 0x20,
+    IrqRxDoneMask = 0x40,
+}
+
+impl Register {
+    pub fn addr(self) -> u8 {
+        self as u8
+    }
+}
+
+impl PaConfig {
+    pub fn addr(self) -> u8 {
+        self as u8
+    }
+}
+
+impl IRQ {
+    pub fn addr(self) -> u8 {
+        self as u8
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum FskDataModulationShaping {
+    None = 1,
+    GaussianBt1d0 = 2,
+    GaussianBt0d5 = 10,
+    GaussianBt0d3 = 11,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum FskRampUpRamDown {
+    _3d4ms = 0b000,
+    _2ms = 0b0001,
+    _1ms = 0b0010,
+    _500us = 0b0011,
+    _250us = 0b0100,
+    _125us = 0b0101,
+    _100us = 0b0110,
+    _62us = 0b0111,
+    _50us = 0b1000,
+    _40us = 0b1001,
+    _31us = 0b1010,
+    _25us = 0b1011,
+    _20us = 0b1100,
+    _15us = 0b1101,
+    _12us = 0b1110,
+    _10us = 0b1111,
+}
diff --git a/examples/stm32l0/Cargo.toml b/examples/stm32l0/Cargo.toml
index 7dfcdb0fe..371ac68cc 100644
--- a/examples/stm32l0/Cargo.toml
+++ b/examples/stm32l0/Cargo.toml
@@ -23,6 +23,10 @@ embassy-stm32 = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-stm32", features = ["
 embassy-hal-common = {version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-hal-common" }
 embassy-macros = { path = "../../embassy-macros" }
 
+embassy-lora = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-lora", features = ["sx127x", "time"] }
+lorawan-device = { git = "https://github.com/lulf/rust-lorawan.git", rev = "a373d06fa8858d251bc70d5789cebcd9a638ec42", default-features = false, features = ["async"] }
+lorawan-encoding = { git = "https://github.com/lulf/rust-lorawan.git", rev = "a373d06fa8858d251bc70d5789cebcd9a638ec42", default-features = false, features = ["default-crypto"] }
+
 defmt = "0.2.3"
 defmt-rtt = "0.2.0"
 
diff --git a/examples/stm32l0/src/bin/lorawan.rs b/examples/stm32l0/src/bin/lorawan.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5ca69f9a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/stm32l0/src/bin/lorawan.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+//! This example runs on the STM32 LoRa Discovery board which has a builtin Semtech Sx127x radio
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+#![macro_use]
+#![allow(dead_code)]
+#![feature(generic_associated_types)]
+#![feature(type_alias_impl_trait)]
+
+#[path = "../example_common.rs"]
+mod example_common;
+
+use embassy_lora::{sx127x::*, LoraTimer};
+use embassy_stm32::{
+    dbgmcu::Dbgmcu,
+    dma::NoDma,
+    exti::ExtiInput,
+    gpio::{Input, Level, Output, Pull, Speed},
+    rcc,
+    rng::Rng,
+    spi,
+    time::U32Ext,
+    Peripherals,
+};
+use lorawan_device::async_device::{region, Device, JoinMode};
+use lorawan_encoding::default_crypto::DefaultFactory as Crypto;
+
+fn config() -> embassy_stm32::Config {
+    let mut config = embassy_stm32::Config::default();
+    config.rcc = config.rcc.clock_src(embassy_stm32::rcc::ClockSrc::HSI16);
+    config
+}
+
+#[embassy::main(config = "config()")]
+async fn main(_spawner: embassy::executor::Spawner, mut p: Peripherals) {
+    unsafe {
+        Dbgmcu::enable_all();
+    }
+
+    let mut rcc = rcc::Rcc::new(p.RCC);
+    let _ = rcc.enable_hsi48(&mut p.SYSCFG, p.CRS);
+
+    // SPI for sx127x
+    let spi = spi::Spi::new(
+        p.SPI1,
+        p.PB3,
+        p.PA7,
+        p.PA6,
+        NoDma,
+        NoDma,
+        200_000.hz(),
+        spi::Config::default(),
+    );
+
+    let cs = Output::new(p.PA15, Level::High, Speed::Low);
+    let reset = Output::new(p.PC0, Level::High, Speed::Low);
+    let _ = Input::new(p.PB1, Pull::None);
+
+    let ready = Input::new(p.PB4, Pull::Up);
+    let ready_pin = ExtiInput::new(ready, p.EXTI4);
+
+    let radio = Sx127xRadio::new(
+        spi,
+        cs,
+        reset,
+        ready_pin,
+        DummySwitch,
+        &mut embassy::time::Delay,
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+
+    let region = region::EU868::default().into();
+    let mut radio_buffer = [0; 256];
+    let mut device: Device<'_, _, Crypto, _, _> = Device::new(
+        region,
+        radio,
+        LoraTimer,
+        Rng::new(p.RNG),
+        &mut radio_buffer[..],
+    );
+
+    defmt::info!("Joining LoRaWAN network");
+
+    // TODO: Adjust the EUI and Keys according to your network credentials
+    device
+        .join(&JoinMode::OTAA {
+            deveui: [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+            appeui: [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+            appkey: [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+        })
+        .await
+        .ok()
+        .unwrap();
+    defmt::info!("LoRaWAN network joined");
+
+    defmt::info!("Sending 'PING'");
+    device.send(b"PING", 1, false).await.ok().unwrap();
+    defmt::info!("Message sent!");
+}
+
+pub struct DummySwitch;
+impl RadioSwitch for DummySwitch {
+    fn set_rx(&mut self) {}
+    fn set_tx(&mut self) {}
+}
diff --git a/examples/stm32wl55/Cargo.toml b/examples/stm32wl55/Cargo.toml
index d0c727862..4688bdad1 100644
--- a/examples/stm32wl55/Cargo.toml
+++ b/examples/stm32wl55/Cargo.toml
@@ -19,8 +19,12 @@ defmt-error = []
 [dependencies]
 embassy = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy", features = ["defmt", "defmt-trace"] }
 embassy-traits = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-traits", features = ["defmt"] }
-embassy-stm32 = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-stm32", features = ["defmt", "defmt-trace", "stm32wl55jc_cm4", "time-driver-tim2", "memory-x", "subghz"]  }
+embassy-stm32 = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-stm32", features = ["defmt", "defmt-trace", "stm32wl55jc_cm4", "time-driver-tim2", "memory-x", "subghz", "unstable-pac"]  }
 embassy-hal-common = {version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-hal-common" }
+embassy-lora = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../embassy-lora", features = ["stm32wl", "time"] }
+
+lorawan-device = { git = "https://github.com/lulf/rust-lorawan.git", rev = "a373d06fa8858d251bc70d5789cebcd9a638ec42", default-features = false, features = ["async"] }
+lorawan-encoding = { git = "https://github.com/lulf/rust-lorawan.git", rev = "a373d06fa8858d251bc70d5789cebcd9a638ec42", default-features = false, features = ["default-crypto"] }
 
 defmt = "0.2.3"
 defmt-rtt = "0.2.0"
diff --git a/examples/stm32wl55/src/bin/lorawan.rs b/examples/stm32wl55/src/bin/lorawan.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..155905ae7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/stm32wl55/src/bin/lorawan.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+#![macro_use]
+#![allow(dead_code)]
+#![feature(generic_associated_types)]
+#![feature(type_alias_impl_trait)]
+
+#[path = "../example_common.rs"]
+mod example_common;
+
+use embassy_lora::{stm32wl::*, LoraTimer};
+use embassy_stm32::{
+    dbgmcu::Dbgmcu,
+    dma::NoDma,
+    gpio::{Level, Output, Pin, Speed},
+    interrupt, pac, rcc,
+    rng::Rng,
+    subghz::*,
+    Peripherals,
+};
+use lorawan_device::async_device::{region, Device, JoinMode};
+use lorawan_encoding::default_crypto::DefaultFactory as Crypto;
+
+fn config() -> embassy_stm32::Config {
+    let mut config = embassy_stm32::Config::default();
+    config.rcc = config.rcc.clock_src(embassy_stm32::rcc::ClockSrc::HSI16);
+    config
+}
+
+#[embassy::main(config = "config()")]
+async fn main(_spawner: embassy::executor::Spawner, p: Peripherals) {
+    unsafe {
+        Dbgmcu::enable_all();
+        let mut rcc = rcc::Rcc::new(p.RCC);
+        rcc.enable_lsi();
+        pac::RCC.ccipr().modify(|w| {
+            w.set_rngsel(0b01);
+        });
+    }
+
+    let ctrl1 = Output::new(p.PC3.degrade(), Level::High, Speed::High);
+    let ctrl2 = Output::new(p.PC4.degrade(), Level::High, Speed::High);
+    let ctrl3 = Output::new(p.PC5.degrade(), Level::High, Speed::High);
+    let rfs = RadioSwitch::new(ctrl1, ctrl2, ctrl3);
+
+    let radio = SubGhz::new(p.SUBGHZSPI, p.PA5, p.PA7, p.PA6, NoDma, NoDma);
+
+    let irq = interrupt::take!(SUBGHZ_RADIO);
+    static mut RADIO_STATE: SubGhzState<'static> = SubGhzState::new();
+    let radio = unsafe { SubGhzRadio::new(&mut RADIO_STATE, radio, rfs, irq) };
+
+    let region = region::EU868::default().into();
+    let mut radio_buffer = [0; 256];
+    let mut device: Device<'_, _, Crypto, _, _> = Device::new(
+        region,
+        radio,
+        LoraTimer,
+        Rng::new(p.RNG),
+        &mut radio_buffer[..],
+    );
+
+    defmt::info!("Joining LoRaWAN network");
+
+    // TODO: Adjust the EUI and Keys according to your network credentials
+    device
+        .join(&JoinMode::OTAA {
+            deveui: [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+            appeui: [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+            appkey: [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+        })
+        .await
+        .ok()
+        .unwrap();
+    defmt::info!("LoRaWAN network joined");
+
+    defmt::info!("Sending 'PING'");
+    device.send(b"PING", 1, false).await.ok().unwrap();
+    defmt::info!("Message sent!");
+}